Abstract
The glycerol acetalization reaction in the presence of acetone was evaluated using acidic carbon-based catalysts from biodiesel waste as catalysts. Acidic carbon-based catalysts were prepared with different glycerin:sulfuric acid mass ratios at 457K for 24h. The amount of acid groups as well as the acidity (mainly attributed to sulfur groups) enhance with an increase of glycerol:sulfuric acid ratio (1:2 and 1:3, named GC-1:2 and GC-1:3, respectively), reaching 0.9mmolg−1 for sulfur and 3.8mmolg−1 for total acidity. Very promising results were obtained when these carbon-based catalysts were tested as catalysts in glycerol acetalization, reaching about 80% of glycerol conversion and about 95% of solketal selectivity, this product has been applied as a fuel additive. Furthermore, the carbon-based catalysts surface groups showed high stability under the reaction conditions tested in this study. These results indicated that acidic carbon-based catalysts derived from glycerin are very attractive catalysts for glycerol acetalization.
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