Abstract
A set of tetranuclear alkyl aluminum adducts 1 and 2 supported by benzodiimidazole-diylidene ligands L1, N,N’-(1,5-diisopropylbenzodiimidazole-2,6-diylidene)bis(propan-2-amine), and L2, N,N’-(1,5-dicyclohexyl-benzodiimidazole-2,6-diylidene)dicyclohexanamine were synthetized in exceptional yields and characterized by spectroscopic methods. These compounds were studied as catalysts for cyclic carbonate formation (3a–o) from their corresponding terminal epoxides (2a–o) and carbon dioxide utilizing tetrabutylammonium iodide as a nucleophile in the absence of a solvent. The experiments were carried out at 70 °C and 1 bar CO2 pressure for 24 h and adduct 1 was the most efficient catalyst for the synthesis of a large variety of monosubstituted cyclic carbonates with excellent conversions and yields.
Highlights
The accumulation of carbon dioxide (CO2 ) emissions in the atmosphere has a negative effect on the environment and has been recognized as the principal phenomenon responsible for global warming by the international community [1,2]
[23,60,61,62,63,64], tetranuclear alkyl aluminum we focused our attention in the preparation of new tetranuclear adducts supported by benzodiimidazole-diylidene ligands [69], which exhibited excellent performance for the chemical fixation of CO22 into cyclic carbonates
MaticAs precursors with 2 in acetonitrile with good yields, as previously reported previously commented, it was found that alkyl aluminum adducts were more active than their analogous complexes for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates [66]; As previously commented, waspreparation found that of alkyl aluminumalkyl adducts were more acinspired by these catalytic results,it the tetranuclear aluminum adducts tive than their analogous complexes for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates
Summary
The accumulation of carbon dioxide (CO2 ) emissions in the atmosphere has a negative effect on the environment and has been recognized as the principal phenomenon responsible for global warming by the international community [1,2]. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions must be the main challenge in order to mitigate climate change, and the use of CO2 as sustainable feedstock in the chemical industry could help to achieve this objective [1,3,4,5]. For this reason, the development of new technologies, such as CO2 capture and storage (CCS) and CO2 capture and usage (CCU) have acquired significant relevance over the past few years [6,7]. The preparation of cyclic carbonates has grown enormously, attributed to their use as polar aprotic solvents [37,38], electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries [39,40], chemical intermediates [41], and monomers to produce polymers [14,42,43,44], making them products of elevated interest
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