Abstract
In this study, the levels of concentration of homocysteine thiolactone (HTL), cysteine (Cys), and cysteinylglycine (CysGly) in the urine of autistic and non-autistic children were investigated and compared. HTL has never been analyzed in autistic children. The levels of low molecular weight sulfur compounds in the urine of both groups were determined by validated methods based on high-performance liquid chromatography with spectrofluorometric and diode-array detectors. The statistical data show a significant difference between the examined groups. Children with autism were characterized by a significantly higher level of HTL (p = 5.86 × 10−8), Cys (p = 1.49 × 10−10) and CysGly (p = 1.06 × 10−8) in urine compared with the control group. A difference in the p-value of <0.05 is statistically significant. Higher levels of HTL, Cys, and CysGly in the urine of 41 children with autism, aged 3 to 17, were observed. The obtained results may indicate disturbances in the metabolism of methionine, Cys, and glutathione in some autistic patients. These preliminary results suggest that further research with more rigorous designs and a large number of subjects is needed.
Highlights
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by complex etiology, impaired social communication and interaction, and restricted repetitive behavior [1].Many scientists focus on the determination of metabolites in the urine and blood of ASD children.The identification of an abnormal metabolite in the blood and urine of individuals with ASD has the potential to aid diagnosis and identify ASD subtypes, which would result in the greater individualization of therapeutic decisions
A validated HPLC method was applied to determine the levels of homocysteine thiolactone (HTL), Cys, and CysGly in the urine of autistic and non-autistic children
Thiols have been of great interest for years due to method, children. processes
Summary
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by complex etiology, impaired social communication and interaction, and restricted repetitive behavior [1].Many scientists focus on the determination of metabolites in the urine and blood of ASD children.The identification of an abnormal metabolite in the blood and urine of individuals with ASD has the potential to aid diagnosis and identify ASD subtypes, which would result in the greater individualization of therapeutic decisions. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by complex etiology, impaired social communication and interaction, and restricted repetitive behavior [1]. Many scientists focus on the determination of metabolites in the urine and blood of ASD children. The identification of an abnormal metabolite in the blood and urine of individuals with ASD has the potential to aid diagnosis and identify ASD subtypes, which would result in the greater individualization of therapeutic decisions. Diseases caused by disturbances in amino acid metabolism can cause brain damage and a delay in mental development. Amino acids passing through the blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier, such as phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan, are precursors of neurotransmitters regulating the functioning of the central nervous system that affect the emotional state and mood among others
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