Higher Education Expansion in Portuguese-Speaking Countries: The Cases of Angola, Cape Verde, and Portugal

The purpose of the article is to determine the vectors of building an effective interaction with employers in the system of higher library and information education. The methodology. Socio-communicative and system-structural approaches were applied, which made it possible to determine the directions and functions of communication links in the system of gradual library and information education, to prove the importance of strengthening the communication interaction in the “higher education institution — employer”, “student of higher education — employer”, “graduate of a higher education institution — employer” subsystems. Based on the application of sociological research methods (questionnaires and surveys, monitoring of the employment of graduates), the necessity of establishing comprehensive relations in the “student of higher library education program — employer-director of the library” system has been proved in order to form the general and professional competencies in applicants that are in demand at the labor market. The results. Based on the analysis of the modern pedagogical idea and the own years-long teaching experience, the issue of building an effective cooperation between higher education institutions and employers was considered for the first time. Emphasis is placed on the translation of “student-teacher” academic communication into future professional relations of “graduate — employer”. A systematic approach to the organization of communication interaction between the graduate departments of KSAC in the specialty 029 “Information, library and archival affairs” and employers is highlighted, which involves various formats, methods, ways and technologies of communication interaction of all stakeholders in the quality training of library personnel (students of higher library education, scientific — pedagogical staff, graduates, heads of library institutions), aimed at the requirements of the modern labor market. Based on the results of a survey within the directors of libraries of Kharkiv and Kharkiv region, the qualities of graduates of KSAC prioritized by employers were determined, and their rating was the following: professional knowledge (89%), mastery of modern ICT (87%), reader orientation (56%), sociability (55%), creativity (46%), responsibility and reliability (35%), leadership (34%), organizational skills (32%), speech culture (26%), appearance (21%). The effectiveness of the implementation of employment monitoring, involvement of employers into teaching, review of educational programs and qualification works of students, participation in final assessment, has been proven. The scientific topicality. The sociological study “A graduate in the eyes of an employer” carried out by the Department of Digital Communications and Information Research of KSAC revealed two key problems that affect the effectiveness of communication interaction in the “graduate — employer” system: 1) graduates easily use digital technologies — digital skills, but have weaker communication technologies (communication skills), standards of business communication, which inhibits their professional adaptation; 2) the culture of academic communication “student — teacher” is translated into professional interaction “graduate — employer”, which forms behavioral models of future librarians already at the student desk. This requires the strengthening of systematic cooperation between higher education institutions and leading employees of information structures, libraries, archives, museums and other document and communication institutions of society. The ways of improving of the communication patterns of students, teachers and employers, strengthening of their interaction, partnership and responsibility have been determined. It was revealed that all stakeholders involved into the training and refresher course of the new generation of library and information personnel look toward to close communication in order to improve the professional and personal qualities of graduates, their competitiveness at the modern labor market, and quick adaptation to the requirements of the library industry and to a specific workplace. The practical significance. The results of the study can be used by Ukrainian institutions of higher education in the process of improving educational programs for training specialists in the specialty 029 Information, library and archival affairs, as well as to increase the effectiveness of cooperation with employers in all possible areas of communication interaction in the system of training of library specialists of all educational degrees, which will contribute to increasing their competitiveness at the global information market.

This Special Issue was conceived and developed following a series of international conferences held in Asia, with a particular focus on critically reflecting upon higher education development in the region from broader social and political economy perspectives. Some of the papers in this Special Issue were selected from presentations in the East Asia Social Policy (EASP) Research Network Conference successfully held in Taiwan in 2018, while others were chosen from international events held at Lingnan University in Hong Kong presenting critical reviews and reflections on internationalization, marketization and graduate employment of higher education in Asia. This introductory article puts the discussions of the selected papers in this issue in context, with critical reflections on the key issues being examined in these papers. The Special Issue is published when the world is still confronting the unprecedented global health crisis resulted from the outbreak of the COVID‐19 pandemic. This article discusses the higher education development trends in Asia through the massification, diversification and internationalisation processes in transforming the higher education system and examines how these development trends are affected by the COVID‐19 crisis.

Innovation in a Small State: <scp>Q</scp>atar and the <scp>IBC</scp> Cluster Model of Higher Education

У статті здійснено науково-теоретичний аналіз підходів та обґрунтування методологічного концепту побудови та функціонування системи якості вищої фармацевтичної освіти.

QUALITY IN HIGHER EDUCATION: STORIES OF ENGLISH AND CZECH ACADEMICS AND HIGHER EDUCATION LEADERS

ПРОФЕСІОНАЛІЗМ ВИКЛАДАЧІВ ВВНЗ ЯК СКЛАДОВА ВНУТРІШНЬОЇ СИСТЕМИ ГАРАНТУВАННЯ ЯКОСТІ ВИЩОЇ ВІЙСЬКОВІЙ ОСВІТИ

The replacing of world civilization and Ukrainian society in particular played a significant role in the evolution of medical education in Ukraine. The system of higher education simultaneously affects the development of the future generation of doctors and is a remarkable social institution. That is why, the role of the system of higher medical education in difficult periods of the state’s development and proposed ways to innovate and optimize the scientific potential of students of higher medical education was analyzed.&#x0D; The aim of the study. The aim of the study is to analyze the current trends of transformational changes in the field of medical education and to propose ways to optimize the scientific potential of students of higher medical education.&#x0D; Objects and methods of the study include the system of medical education at the Higher Secondary School of the PSMU in various periods of its formation and development.&#x0D; Results and discussion. During our research, an analysis of modern trends in the development of medical education in Ukraine by studying well-known literary data was performed. The basis of own research is: quantitative analysis and synthesis (for the study of the higher education system of Ukraine); comparative analysis (to highlight the peculiarities of the functioning of the system of higher medical education in the conditions of modern challenges).&#x0D; Studying the system of higher education of Ukraine, it pays attention to the fact that the entire period of its development was accompanied by certain tests that prompted the transfer of the educational process to online format. At the same time, it should be noted that students are most often concerned with the following problems: poor or no Internet 30.2% of respondents; complex emotional state and psychological problems of higher education applicants 25.9; absence or lack of gadgets for learning 12.1%; a higher education student does not accept distance learning 10% of respondents; 9.2% of respondents noted that they were able to join distance learning partially or only for a certain period. Most of the higher education seekers who pointed out this problem lived in the Donetsk, Dnipropetrovsk, Kharkiv and Luhansk regions before the war; absence or partial distance learning happened to 2.5% of respondents, who for a certain period, namely at the beginning of the war, should not have been able to join the training at all; 2.0% faced the problem of studying during their stay abroad.&#x0D; Analyzing the transformational changes that have occurred in our state, one can safely say that the social and medical conditions in which the society found itself have caused many problems in the field of medical education. There is an urgent need to solve the strategy, content, structure, methods of teaching, education and formation of views.

According to Sheffield Hallam University’s Access and Participation Plan (20/21-24/25), there has been an increased number of disabled students entering Higher Education (HE), with 14.6% of students declaring a disability in the sector. Therefore, this review of the literature explored potential barriers into Higher Education for students with disabilities. Within Higher Education institutions, disabled students may be categorised into having ‘mental health’, ‘cognitive and learning’, ‘sensory, medical and physical’ or ‘multiple impairment’ related disabilities. This review was commissioned in collaboration with the Higher Education Progression Partnership (South Yorkshire), with the aim of identifying barriers into Higher Education institutions for disabled students. Evidence provided from this literature review is intended to assist in developing a rationale for an intervention design and delivery that alleviates the barriers into Higher Education for disabled students. From examining the literature, a prominent barrier that emerged was a lack of accessibility at university. For instance, an inconsistent willingness from tutors to make reasonable adjustments to assessments, a lack of understanding of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) characteristics and spread-out university campus buildings that were inaccessible for students with Cerebral Palsy/walking disabilities. The research findings also revealed that there was a lack of accessible spaces on campus for disabled students, especially for students with ASD to interact. Furthermore, disabled students’ perceptions of stigmatisation and discrimination of disclosing their disability was another key barrier into Higher Education. For instance, during the application process to university, students believed that it would jeopardise their opportunity to be accepted into their chosen Higher Education institution if they were to disclose their disability.

European Journal of EducationVolume 39, Issue 4 p. 507-520 Czech Higher Education Students — Viewpoints and Status JARMILA BAŠTOVÁ, JARMILA BAŠTOVÁSearch for more papers by this authorLENKA MENCLOVÁ, LENKA MENCLOVÁSearch for more papers by this authorHELENA ŠEBKOVÁ, HELENA ŠEBKOVÁSearch for more papers by this authorJAN KOHOUTEK, JAN KOHOUTEKSearch for more papers by this author JARMILA BAŠTOVÁ, JARMILA BAŠTOVÁSearch for more papers by this authorLENKA MENCLOVÁ, LENKA MENCLOVÁSearch for more papers by this authorHELENA ŠEBKOVÁ, HELENA ŠEBKOVÁSearch for more papers by this authorJAN KOHOUTEK, JAN KOHOUTEKSearch for more papers by this author First published: 07 December 2004 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-3435.2014.00201.xCitations: 4Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume39, Issue4December 2004Pages 507-520 RelatedInformation

Against the backdrop of a massive expansion in higher education, the number of students in higher education (HE) experiencing mental health problems is increasing, which poses a significant challenge to HE institutions in terms of how they best respond to students with mental health needs. This paper considers the implications of such developments by assessing the experience of students with mental health problems within one HE institution. The factors influencing students’ ability to seek help is explored alongside their experience of accessing and using student support services. The study found that there was a general reluctance amongst students to disclose their mental health problems or to seek help, largely due to the stigma that exists. However, students who did seek help from University support and counselling services valued this and students benefited when there was a formal link between NHS and university support services. The implications of the study findings for HE institutions are then considered.

Today the state is focused on the innovative way of development, on the rapid development of the economy, and rapid creation and distribution of new digital technologies. The education system, as a vital area of socio-economic activity, must be reformed in accordance with the requirements of contemporary society. Numerous organizational innovations in the educational sphere of Rossiya have been made in recent years. Characteristic features of the up-to-date system of higher professional education are: liberalization; optimization of the state and non-state sector of education; the introduction of information and communication technologies as well as changes in demand and the degree of accessibility of higher education. For these purposes there should be no doubt that the basis of all are all the necessary conditions for the further reform of Russian education.The Object of Study. The system of higher education in Rossiya.The Subject of Study. Reforming the system of higher education in Rossiya.The Purpose of the Study. Evaluation of the consequences of the introduction of the Bologna System, identifying the causes of the slow progress of reforms.The Theoretical Aspect is based on the concept of Smart-education - education, aimed at obtaining a qualitatively new educational, scientific, social and commercial results in terms of the collective production of knowledge and their multiple sources.The Empirical Aspect of the subject is based on the results of research on the dynamics of spending on education, the number of state and non-state universities, the number of students and positions of Russian universities in international rankings.The Main Theoretical Provisions of the Article. The process of reforming the national system in accordance with the requirements of the Bologna process does not take into account the specifics and features that led to the loss of the accumulated progressive achievements that existed in Russian education. The transition to a new education model is stuck in an intermediate state. At the present stage of the reform of education, the main goal should be a radical update of the content of education and its resource provision. In the USSR, after graduating from higher educational institutions, graduates were sent to work at pre-determined jobs. At the stage of transition of the country to the market, this mechanism was canceled. The supplement to the Federal Law “On Education in the Russian Federation” Article 71 (August 2018), introducing quotas for the admission of citizens for targeted training, is designed to ensure competitive conditions for the selection of trained applicants who will enroll in competitive conditions, to train professionals who, after graduating from a higher educational institution, will go to work to the region where they are in demand as specialists. If the graduates did not get a job, they or the company that signs the contract with them will have to compensate for budget expenses.The implementation of these requirements of the Federal Law requires the elimination of contradictory management decisions in terms of graduate level training, adherence to the principle of social justice, provision of sufficient budget financing in accordance with institutional changes and higher flexibility of the entire educational system.The authors consider the organizational mechanism of the system of higher professional education as a system of external and internal relations arising in the course of its functioning and changing depending on the changing goals of the educational model (administrative, collegial and market) of the university and the needs of the labour market at the federal and regional levels.

In the last 20 years, the education system in Türkiye has witnessed massive growth and transformation from primary- and secondary education to higher education. Significant improvements have been made in enrollment rates at all levels of education, reaching a level comparable to OECD countries. In this context, this study focuses on the transformation and massification of higher education in Türkiye. The net enrollment ratio in higher education in Türkiye has increased from 10% to 46% during this period. Especially, the establishment of higher education institutions in all cities has contributed positively to women's access to higher education, and for the first time, the enrollment and graduation rates of women have surpassed those of men. The increase in the supply of higher education and easier access has raised the proportion of higher education graduates from under 20% to over 40% in the 25-34 age group during this period. At the same time, the average length of education for the population aged 15 and over is increasing every year. Additionally, this study identifies problem areas and proposes solutions to ensure the sustainability of the expansion in higher education during this period. The evaluation identifies insufficient face-to-face teaching capacity in the higher education system and attempts to compensate for this deficiency with distance education programs as the primary problem area. Especially since 2015, almost half of the students who have enrolled in higher education have been able to enroll in distance education programs. Therefore, increasing face-to-face teaching capacity in higher education and reducing the proportion of distance education in higher education stand out as challenging issues. The second problem area is highlighted as being related to the limitations in scientific knowledge production performance of higher education institutions and the number of doctoral graduates. Despite an increase in the number of doctoral graduates from all disciplines every year, sustaining the growth achieved during this period is highly inadequate. This problem not only negatively affects the capacity for scientific knowledge production but also creates significant challenges, especially in meeting the need for faculty members in newly established universities, thus adversely affecting the quality of higher education. The study also offers some recommendations for addressing these problems.

Higher Education in India has evolved itself at various historical timesancient, medieval, colonial and post-independence period. Besides analyzing type wise educational institutions (universities and colleges), gender wise enrolment since 1950–51 has also been dealt. Significant expansion in Higher Education has been witnessed since Independence. In this context, it is pertinent to consider the issue of expected future trends in student enrolment in Higher Education for devising effective programmes and policies by the Government of India in the future education planning process. The important issue that commands immediate attention is: In the light of current gross enrolment rate (GER) in Higher Education in the country, what would be the projected enrolment if the current policies and programmes continue? Invariably, the article discusses the impact of demographic changes on the future of accessibility to Higher Education. The subject of demographics is a subject of concern for planners, educationalist, researchers etc. Therefore, an attempt has been made to discuss, and project population and enrolment in Higher Education so as to understand the nature of future structure of the Higher Education system in the country. Old age encompasses increasing needs for which additional government resources are required for pension, healthcare and other related services. The latter half of the article evaluates the effect of projected population of senior citizens on policies determining Higher Education in the country.

The paper attempts to investigate some methodological issues and the role of philosophy in improving the system of higher professional education in the context of the realities of modern society. In this case, the actual higher professional education received by specialists in higher educational institutions is considered but not the officially recognized system of higher education. The role of philosophy in performing various functions in training specialists in the system of higher education in different fields of social relations and in different types of human activity is emphasized. The worldview and methodological functions of philosophy are crucial in obtaining high knowledge in various specialties by students. The role of philosophy in the formation of a highly moral and comprehensively developed personality is substantiated, first of all, through its ideological, axiological and educational functions. The role of the formation of a high general educational level in the training of specialists in their further professional activities and further effect of these specialists on the moral and worldview principles of future colleagues and other people is emphasized. It is argued that as a result of the educational process and training, a person can acquire several specialties but only one real higher education, since higher education includes not only the professional qualities of a specialist, but also a high level of spirituality and personal development. In addition to a particular specialty, higher education implies mastering general cultural disciplines and philosophy.

The paper summarizes the experience in higher education institutions financing, substantiates the trends in their financial support models diversification. The study systematizes approaches to the organization of higher education institutions financing under market conditions and reveals their advantages and disadvantages in terms of the effects at the level of an individual and society as a whole. It defines tools and models of the financing under orientation on demand, supply and strategic purposes of the national development. The study proves the need to substantiate the rational balance of individual and social effects in higher education institutions financing, which can be achieved through a combination of market self-regulation and state regulation of the higher education services market. The system of methods was used in the study, namely: monographic – to define the research aim and conclusions, the method of theoretical generalization of foreign and domestic scientists was used to critically analyze the existing approaches to the organization of financing the work of agricultural education higher institutions. General scientific methods of cognition, such as analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, systemic integrated approach, were used to systematize the models of financial support for higher agricultural education institutions and to generalize the conclusions. The paper substantiated that the state should take leading positions in higher education institutions financing. The role of state funding in ensuring sustainable development of agricultural education higher institutions has been identified considering the specificity of educational services and their role in ensuring sustainable development of the agricultural sector of the economy and rural areas. It is argued that the current conditions of free economic development and challenges the institutions face requires focusing on consumer demand and adjusting their educational services through prompt updating the changing educational programs based on modern research, attracting a larger number of stakeholders in the financing model formation. The modern tendencies typical of the market of educational services determining the expansion of the participants of the organization of financing the higher education institutions activity, are considered. The importance of financing elements focused on the innovations development, the role of which will grow in the future, especially in the form of competitive and targeted financing is revealed. It is proved that the results-based approach to the organization of financing also reduces the risks of macroeconomic inefficiency and contributes to reducing the information asymmetry. The obligatory presence of the state in the organization of research funding in higher education institutions is justified due to the positive impact of research on educational services quality and increases their value for an individual and society. The paper considers options for market-oriented higher education financing and the state's demands in terms of the concept of management, public and private funding methods, the education fee. It is established that the changing conditions of the market of educational services require a revision of targets for state funding due to the following factors: increased number of foreign students, use of information and communication technologies, increase in the integration of higher education institutions nationally and internationally. Key words: higher education institution, higher agricultural education, concepts of higher education institution management, methods of free economic education financing, sources of higher education institutions financing.