Abstract
A novel structure of a subwavelength surface optical antenna for optical phased array is proposed in this paper. An asymmetric vertical grating structure is applied to achieve high emission efficiency (73% at 1550 nm). Optical antennas with large fabrication tolerances can also maintain a wide working bandwidth of 1 dB between 1350 and 1850 nm. The far-field scanning characteristics of 16-channel optical phased array are investigated in this study by employing the proposed antenna. The results show that the background suppression without considering side lobes caused by the antenna arrangement is −24.5 dB when the phase difference is 0 and when the scan range is as large as ±14.8° × 73.6°.
Highlights
Optical phased arrays (OPAs) have attracted great attention with the application of light detection and ranging (LIDAR) in remote sensing imagery and autonomous vehicles
Optical phased arrays (OPAs) based on a silicon platform are considered the primary solution for LIDAR because of their low manufacturing cost, high integration, and compatibility with CMOS technology
High optical antenna emission efficiency of more than 90% has been obtained by increasing the antenna size to 3 mm while significantly increasing the antenna pitch size
Summary
OPAs have attracted great attention with the application of light detection and ranging (LIDAR) in remote sensing imagery and autonomous vehicles. Optical phased arrays (OPAs) based on a silicon platform are considered the primary solution for LIDAR because of their low manufacturing cost, high integration, and compatibility with CMOS technology. As application requirements have increased, OPAs have evolved toward small-sized, low power consumption and large-scale on-chip electrical/thermal–optical subsystem arrays. One approach is to combine beam wavelength modulation in one dimension with phase modulation in the other dimension, reducing the number of phase shifters from N2 to N to achieve reduced power consumption and simplified control. According to the literature [4,5,6,7,8,9,10], the antenna of this kind is limited by the fact that the working bandwidth is not wide enough to achieve beam modulation in short wavelength ranges only
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