Abstract
Laboratory simulations of petroleum formation were examined by stable carbon isotope studies of five cryogenic distillation fractions of the gases produced by thermal treatment of organic substrates. Simple heat treatment (pyrolysis) of substrates was contrasted with heat treatment in the presence of nickel and vanadium sulfides, ammonia, and water (catalysis). The effect of substrate/catalyst ratio on the isotopic composition of gases was also examined. All reactions were carried out at 440°C, and ambient pressure. Plots of stable carbon isotope ratio versus distillation temperature, for substrates representing marine and terrestrial organic matter, were compared to literature values for natural petroleum accumulations, and to the pyrolysis of Green River oil shale.
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