High speed rotary instruments in operative dentistry: review of the literature

Abstract

In the general practice of dentistry, the restoration of carious teeth occupies the greatest percentage of the dentist’s work­ ing day; therefore, it behooves the den­ tist to become as efficient as possible in this field if he is to gain the optimum utilization of his productive hours. Since the early part of the nineteenth century, rotary tools of various types have been used by dentists for the purpose of abrading or cutting away tooth structure. The dental bur in its present form was first introduced in the early part of the last century,1 and since then it has under­ gone little modification or change. Currently, dentistry appears to be mak­ ing important advancements in the de­ velopment of more effective instruments and improved methods for cutting the hard structures of the teeth. Operative dentistry is an expanding field, and some new methods of cavity preparation are being brought forward. Within the recent past, high speed rotary machines have been introduced. There has also been developed a method of tooth tissue abra­ sion by means of a projected particle apparatus (Airdent). At present, the use of ultrasonic waves is being explored. It has become apparent that, within the predictable future, the present method of cavity preparation will be materially changed. Which method will finally emerge as the most acceptable is still problematical. It is the purpose of this paper to review the presently available literature on the status of the high speed rotary method of shaping cavities in the restoration of carious teeth.