High prevalence of diabetes and abnormal glucose tolerance in Thai women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus

Abstract

AimTo determine the prevalence of and risk factors for abnormal glucose tolerance (AGT) in previous gestational diabetes mellitus (pGDM) women. Methods100pGDM women randomly selected from the database of the Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology. 75g-OGTT were performed in subjects without known diabetes. AGT was diagnosed using the American Diabetes Association criteria. ResultsThe mean age, pre-gestational BMI, and time since delivery were 38±5years, 24.5±5.7kg/m2, and 46±26months. Overall, 81% of the subjects had AGT, including IGT (38%), IGT+IFG (5%), T2DM (38%). Plasma glucose (PG) at 1h after a 50g-glucose challenge test (GCT), PG at 1h after 100g-OGTT, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR were significantly greater in women with AGT than normal glucose tolerance (NGT) women. The proportion of women with ≥3 abnormal PG values during 100g-OGTT was greater in AGT than NGT group (50.7% vs. 15.8%). Multivariate analysis showed that PG≥150mg/dl at 1h after a 50g-GCT and ≥3 abnormal PG values in 100g-OGTTs were risk factors for developing AGT. ConclusionsEighty-one percent of pGDM women developed AGT within 4years after delivery. Risk factors for AGT were PG≥150mg/dl at 1h after a 50g-GCT and ≥3 abnormal PG values in a 100g-OGTT.