Abstract

As material for flexible transparent electrodes for organic photoelectric devices, the silver nanowires (AgNWs) have been widely studied. In this work, we propose a hybrid flexible anode with photopolymer substrate, which is composed of spin-coating-processed AgNW meshes and of zinc oxide (ZnO) prepared by low-temperature (60°C) atomic layer deposition. ZnO effectively fills in the voids of the AgNW mesh electrode, which is thus able to contact to the device all over the active area, to allow for efficient charge extraction/injection. Furthermore, ZnO grown by low temperature mainly relies on hole conduction to make the anode play a better role. Hole-only devices are fabricated to certify the functionality of the low-temperature ZnO film. Finally, we confirm that the ZnO film grown at a low temperature bring a significant contribution to the performance of the modified AgNW anode.

Highlights

  • With the rapid growth of research in flexible electronics, there is enormous demand for both transparent and reflective bendable electrodes [1]

  • C is caused by organic carbon pollution in the vacuum system or by pollution in the air, the latter occurring when samples are transferred to the X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) analysis chamber in the process

  • Changes in the intensity of this component may be connected in part to the variations in the concentration of oxygen vacancies. These data indicate that the zinc oxide (ZnO) film deposited at 60°C exhibit large numbers of non-lattice oxygen atoms, which may induce the formation of a nonhomogeneous and non-stoichiometric multi-defect ZnO film

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Summary

Introduction

With the rapid growth of research in flexible electronics, there is enormous demand for both transparent and reflective bendable electrodes [1]. Carbon nanotubes [2], grapheme [3], conductive polymers [4], and random networks of metallic nanowires [5] have been considered as promising flexible transparent conductors. AgNW films deposited on bare substrates are highly coarse [9]. They could be removed by adhesion or friction [6]. These problems have been solved by a peel-off process combined with a flexible polymer substrate [10]. Still there are gaps between nanowires during the process of cross-linking the polymer This phenomenon poses a problem which needs to be resolved, that of these gaps restricting the

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