Abstract
In this paper, broadband circularly polarized S-shaped patch antenna is designed with a reactive impedance surface (RIS). Besides the RIS structure, the frequency-selective surface (FSS) superstrate is deployed to enrich the antenna gain. The S-shaped patch is modeled on an FR4 glass epoxy and its feed position is set to resonate at 5.3 GHz. The 6 × 6 array size of square patches forms the RIS structure which is inserted in the middle of the S-shaped patch and ground plane to enhance −10 dB impedance bandwidth and 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth. The 6 × 6 array of unit cells forms the FSS superstrate which is deployed approximately half-wavelength (≈λ/2) height above the ground plane to act like a Fabry Perot cavity (FPC) resonator antenna for improving the antenna gain. The combination of RIS and FSS with an S-shaped patch antenna improves the −10 dB impedance bandwidth, 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth, and the gain simultaneously. The proposed antenna resonates over a wide frequency range with a −10 dB impedance bandwidth of 31.8% (4.81–6.63 GHz) and the antenna has a good 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth of 18.9% (4.99–6.03 GHz). The antenna peak gain is around 10 dBi. The proposed antenna prototype is measured in the anechoic chamber and the measured results mimic the simulation results.
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