Abstract
BackgroundIndividuals with insulin resistance and resulting impaired glucose tolerance along with type 2 diabetes showed an increased prevalence of atherosclerosis. Our aim in this study was to address whether diet-induced insulin resistance plays any roles in the development of aortic and coronary atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic rabbits.MethodsWe fed Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbits with a high-fructose and high-fat diet (HFFD) with restricted normal calories and compared the lesions of both aortic and coronary atherosclerosis with those of control WHHL rabbits fed a normal chow diet.ResultsHFFD-fed WHHL rabbits showed insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance accompanied by elevated plasma lipid levels and accumulation of adipose tissue even though their body weight was unchanged compared to the control rabbits. At 8 weeks, the aortic gross lesion area of HFFD-fed WHHL rabbits was increased by 40 % over the controls and their lesions were characterized by increased number of macrophages and smooth muscle cells. At 16 weeks, the lesions of HFFD-fed WHHL rabbits showed more advanced lesions such as lipid core formation and calcification. In addition, coronary atherosclerosis was significantly increased in HFFD-fed WHHL rabbits.ConclusionsThese results suggest that insulin resistance accelerates lesion formation of atherosclerosis.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12986-015-0024-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Highlights
Insulin resistance (IR) is frequently associated with many metabolic diseases such as obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome [1]
Analysis of lipoprotein profiles by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultracentrifugation revealed that increased plasma total cholesterol (TC) and TG levels in the High fat and fructose diet (HFFD) group were attributable to increased apolipoprotein-B containing particles, very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs) and LDLs because both TC and TG
To illustrate the possible mechanisms responsible for increased plasma VLDLs and LDLs induced by HFFD, we measured the rate of hepatic VLDL secretion in vivo using Triton WR-1339 to block the hydrolysis of TG-rich lipoproteins by lipoprotein lipase [18]
Summary
Insulin resistance (IR) is frequently associated with many metabolic diseases such as obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome [1]. Individuals with underlying IR along with impaired glucose tolerance have an increased prevalence of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease [2, 3]. IR can be induced by a diet containing high-fructose and/or high-fat. Such diet feeding can result in IR in. Individuals with insulin resistance and resulting impaired glucose tolerance along with type 2 diabetes showed an increased prevalence of atherosclerosis. Our aim in this study was to address whether diet-induced insulin resistance plays any roles in the development of aortic and coronary atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic rabbits
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