Abstract
BackgroundAlthough the prevalences of obesity and hypertension (HT) are increasing in children, there have been few epidemiological studies of HT in Japanese children. We evaluated the prevalences of HT and high-normal blood pressure (HNBP), and examined the relationship between blood pressure (BP) and body mass index (BMI), in Japanese children.MethodsThe subjects of this study were 2420 children living in the town of Ina, Saitama Prefecture, Japan during the period from 2006 through 2008. Body height, weight, and BP were measured. HT and HNBP were defined according to the HT criteria for Japanese children. Children with HNBP or HT were defined as having high blood pressure (HBP).ResultsThe prevalences of HBP were 15.9% and 15.8% in fourth-grade boys and girls, respectively, and 11.1% and 10.8% in seventh-grade boys and girls, respectively. Irrespective of sex or grade level, a higher BMI was associated with a higher prevalence of HBP (P < 0.001). When compared with the <50th percentile BMI category, the crude odds ratios (ORs) were statistically significant for the 75th to 84th percentile category in fourth-grade boys (OR: 4.54, 95% CI: 2.36–8.76), the ≥95th percentile in fourth-grade girls (13.29, 5.93–29.77), the 85th to 94th percentile (3.16, 1.46–6.84) in seventh-grade boys, and the ≥95th percentile (7.96, 3.18–19.93) in seventh-grade girls.ConclusionsBMI was associated with HBP in Japanese school children. In addition, some children in the lower BMI categories also had HBP.
Highlights
In recent years, the rising obesity epidemic has been paralleled by a similar epidemic in hypertension (HT).[1]
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the prevalences of HT and high-normal blood pressure (BP) (HNBP), and to examine the relationship between BP and body mass index (BMI), in Japanese children
Median systolic blood pressure (SBP) for fourth-grade boys and girls were 108 and 107 mm Hg, respectively, while those for seventhgrade boys and girls were 110 and 105 mm Hg; in both grades, SBP was significantly higher in boys than in girls
Summary
The rising obesity epidemic has been paralleled by a similar epidemic in hypertension (HT).[1]. There have been few epidemiological studies on BP in Japanese children.[4,5] the objective of the present study was to evaluate the prevalences of HT and high-normal BP (HNBP), and to examine the relationship between BP and body mass index (BMI), in Japanese children. The prevalences of obesity and hypertension (HT) are increasing in children, there have been few epidemiological studies of HT in Japanese children. We evaluated the prevalences of HT and high-normal blood pressure (HNBP), and examined the relationship between blood pressure (BP) and body mass index (BMI), in Japanese children. HT and HNBP were defined according to the HT criteria for Japanese children. Children with HNBP or HT were defined as having high blood pressure (HBP). Conclusions: BMI was associated with HBP in Japanese school children. Some children in the lower BMI categories had HBP
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