Abstract
Organic heterostructures (OHSs) integrating the intrinsic heterostructure characters as well as the organic semiconductor properties have attracted intensive attention in material chemistry. However, the precise bottom-up synthesis of OHSs is still challenging owing to the general occurrence of homogeneous-nucleation and the difficult manipulation of noncovalent interactions. Herein, we present the rational synthesis of the longitudinally/horizontally-epitaxial growth of one-dimensional OHSs including triblock and core/shell nanowires with quantitatively-manipulated microstructure via a hierarchical self-assembly method by regulating the noncovalent interactions: hydrogen bond (−15.66 kcal mol−1) > halogen bond (−4.90 kcal mol−1) > π-π interaction (−0.09 kcal mol−1). In the facet-selective epitaxial growth strategy, the lattice-matching and the surface-interface energy balance respectively facilitate the realization of triblock and core/shell heterostructures. This hierarchical self-assembly approach opens up avenues to the fine synthesis of OHSs. We foresee application possibilities in integrated optoelectronics, such as the nanoscale multiple input/out optical logic gate with high-fidelity signal.
Highlights
Organic heterostructures (OHSs) integrating the intrinsic heterostructure characters as well as the organic semiconductor properties have attracted intensive attention in material chemistry
Combining with DFT calculation for the noncovalent interaction strength: |Ehydrogen bond = −15.66 kcal mol−1| > |Ehalogen bond = −4.90 kcal mol−1| > |Eπ–π interaction = −0.09 kcal mol−1| (Supplementary Fig. 2), the hydrogen bond leads to the first order selfassembly process for DPEpe-BrFTA cocrystals as preformed seed nanowires at stage I in the hierarchical self-assembly processes (Fig. 1a)
Well-defined green-red-green triblock nanowires (TNWs) and dumbbell-like DB-core/shell nanowires (C/S-NWs) were preliminarily confirmed by the fluorescence microscopy (FM) images in Figs. 1d, e, respectively
Summary
Organic heterostructures (OHSs) integrating the intrinsic heterostructure characters as well as the organic semiconductor properties have attracted intensive attention in material chemistry. In the facet-selective epitaxial growth strategy, the lattice-matching and the surface-interface energy balance respectively facilitate the realization of triblock and core/shell heterostructures This hierarchical selfassembly approach opens up avenues to the fine synthesis of OHSs. We foresee application possibilities in integrated optoelectronics, such as the nanoscale multiple input/out optical logic gate with high-fidelity signal. The controlled regulation on the uniform morphological dimensions of the organic nanomaterials has achieved some successes via exploiting the directional noncovalent interactions or introducing other strong interactions[32], such as strong π-π interaction and hydrogen bond for the self-assembled one-dimensional (1D) nanostructure of aromatic organic molecules[37] In this regard, it is a feasible pathway to rationally design and synthesize the OHSs by introducing and manipulating multiple dominant noncovalent interactions, which is an undeveloped domain. The sequential self-assembly approach based on the manipulation of the hierarchical noncovalent interaction is of both fundamental and technological significance to the development of precisely constructing OHSs, as well as integrated optoelectronics such as optical logic gate operation with multiple input/out channels and high-fidelity signal
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