Abstract
The growth of underground or sky-walk pedestrian networks within the central cores of North American cities has developed to such an extent that at least 85 cities have some form of inter-block linkages in place, and 30 have them developed to a significant level of maturity. Planners' attitudes are ambivalent towards this phenomenon, which carries great risks for the street-level environment of host cities. However, the degree of proliferation and the diversity of generating factors suggests that a reassessment is necessary, and a new strategy needed to guide the development of city centres in which the primary pedestrian level is no longer on the ground.
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