Abstract
In spite of the severe limitations on the resources of the sensor nodes such as memory, computational power, transmission range and battery, the application areas of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are increasing day by day. The main challenge in WSNs is energy consumption. It becomes significant when a large number of nodes are deployed. Although clustering is one of the solutions to cater to this problem, but it suffers from severe energy consumption due to the non-uniform selection of CHs and frequent re-clustering. In this paper, we propose a heuristic and fuzzy based load balanced, scalable clustering algorithm for WSNs called HFLBSC. In this algorithm, we have segregated the network into a layered structure using the area under intersection over union curve. We have selected the CHs by considering residual energy and distance threshold. We have stalled the frequent re-clustering by utilizing the decision made with the help of fuzzy logic. Our proposed scheme is capable enough to elongate the network lifetime. Simulation results confirm that on an average, HFLBSC is 32% better in terms of FND, 38% less energy consumption, 25% more alive nodes, 72% less deviation in residual energy than LEACH, FM-SCHEL, and MIWOCA.
Highlights
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is a collection of tiny and cheap sensor nodes[1, 2]
In HFLBSC, the network is divided into layers and these layers are having unequal clusters w.r.t. each other depending on their distance from the BS
The output variable found out using fuzzy logic is the update cycle (U C) value corresponding to each node
Summary
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is a collection of tiny and cheap sensor nodes[1, 2]. These can be used in several environmental monitoring and control systems such as surveillance, industrial emissions, outdoor climate, indoor temperature and management of disasters [3,4,5]. Energy efficiency can be achieved with the aid of the clustering mechanism in WSN [9, 10]. Cluster heads (CHs) enables a routing protocol to transfer the data correctly from sensor nodes to BS [11]. A layered structure-based energy-efficient and unequal clustering protocol are proposed. The rest of the paper is set out as follows: Section 2 summarizes the literature on different routing protocols that are energy-efficient.
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