HFINZZ. DEVELOPMENT OF IMPORT-INDEPENDENT MECHANIZATION OF AGRICULTURE IN THE REPUBLIC IN TATARSTAN

Abstract

Based on the researches, testing and implementation of modular-block cultivators, it was proposed to restore the agricultural machinery industry in the Russian Federation and the Republic of Tatarstan for the development and production of field functional machines that are competitive on the world market. (Research purpose) The research purpose is developing import-substituting equipment to eliminate food dependence, restore environmental balance, and guarantee healthy life support. (Materials and methods) The article presents the conditions for the import substitution of food and machinery: impeccable ecological quality without GMOs and chemicals; low cost with high profitability; guaranteed mass production, eliminating the need for imports, ensuring export; maximum introduction of organic farming, limiting the use of chemicals up to exclusion. The article proposes a methodology for implementing import-advanced technology. The technology of tillage and sowing has been developed with the possibility of application both in conditions of acute drought and waterlogging. (Results and discussion) Long-term laboratory, field, production and state tests of block-modular cultivators have shown high results in increasing crop yields and significantly reducing energy consumption for their cultivation. Authors created a frame structure consisting of sections-modules. The complexes of tillage and sowing equipment of Yaroslavl and Chelyabinsk productions based on light, high-energy, high-performance Belarusian tractors, replacing super-heavy imported tractors weighing up to 35 tons are described. (Conclusions) The domestic equipment created recently has officially confirmed high multiple operational advantages over the best foreign analogues: in terms of productivity up to 2 times (in all technologies up to 10.8 times), in terms of metal consumption up to 3-4 times, in terms of resource saving up to 4-5 times, in terms of price up to 7 times, in terms of yield and profitability up to 2 times in the production of up to 85 percent of baking organic wheat of third class and excluding the death of bees on rapeseed crops.