Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is now commonly regarded as a form of ‘amyloid encephalopathy’. Amyloid deposits in the cerebral blood vessels and parenchyma consist mainly of a unique protein called amyloid β protein (AβP), which has a molecular weight of 4 kDa and is 42 amino acids long. These deposits are thought to be of pathogenetic importance in Alzheimer's disease. Recently, therefore, attention has been focused on the process of turnover of the precursor of AβP to amyloid fibrils, and the deposition and persistence of AβP in this disease. The study of several other diseases with cerebral AβP deposition can be informative in this respect, because they allow the comparison of different pathogenetic mechanisms that lead to this type of deposition. One of these diseases is hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis — Dutch type (HCHWA-D), which is the subject of this review.
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