Abstract
Chrysotile asbestos hemolyses erythrocytes within 10 minutes and over a wide range of pH. Other forms of asbestos show varying hemolytic activities which are related to the magnesium:silicon ratio of each form studied. Erythrocytes from different species of animals show different degrees of hemolysis when exposed to chrysotile, amosite, and crocidolite. The length of time during which erythrocytes are exposed to relatively inactive forms of asbestos should also be considered. Amosite and crocidolite show greater hemolytic activities when allowed to react with erythrocytes over 4 hours instead of 1. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) effectively prevents hemolysis by chrysotile and other asbestiform materials containing magnesium as a formal part of the lattice. This prevention is pH dependent, however. Sialic acid is even more effective as a preventive agent than EDTA, suggesting that it may contribute the main anionic groups which react with the positively charged magnesiumions on the surface of chrysotile during hemolysis, Poly-2-vinylpyridine-1-oxide, an effective inhibitor of hemolysis by silica powder, has little effect on hemolysis by chrysotile. This again accords with the suggestion that magnesium is the principal agent in hemolysis by asbestos. An association exists between eytotoxicity and hemolytic activity of various forms of asbestos and other minerals although the significance of this is not yet clear.
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