Abstract
Numerous reports have proven that dialysis patients experience disturbances in the levels of elements in biological fluids. Disturbances in the homeostasis of essential elements or the appearance of highly toxic elements are serious problems also in clinical ophthalmology. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of hemodialysis (HD) on the elemental composition of anterior chamber aqueous humor (AH) in patients undergoing cataract surgery. The study involved 22 patients. The control group enrolled 16 patients (age 75.68 ± 9.67, female 54.55%, male 45.45%) with cataract and normal kidney function (control), and the second group included six patients (age 70.33 ± 12.74, female 33.33%, male 66.67%) with cataract undergoing HD treatment. The elements quantification was established using an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-MS). In the eye fluid of dialysis patients, there were increased levels of manganese (Mn) and mercury (Hg) and decreased levels of vanadium (V) and zinc (Zn). In addition, a statistically significant increase in the Hg/Zn and Hg/selenium (Se) ratios and a lowering of the iron (Fe)/Mn ratio were observed in the studied group in comparison to the control. The obtained results indicated the need for Zn and Se supplementation in order to eliminate the hazards caused by Hg toxicity. A lower level of V in the eye fluid of dialysis patients may have a positive effect on maintaining a calcium and phosphorus homeostasis. Our study gives a deep insight into changes of elements concentrations in AH induced by HD.
Highlights
Cataract surgery is a procedure that can improve or even restore patients’ vision
The research material consisted of the aqueous humor (AH) from the anterior chamber of the eye taken from the subjects undergoing cataract surgery in the Chair and Department of General and Pediatric Ophthalmology, Medical University of Lublin, who were all Polish
This study showed a statistically significant lower level of V in the eye fluid of dialysis patients, which may have a positive effect on maintaining the Ca and P homeostasis
Summary
Cataract surgery is a procedure that can improve or even restore patients’ vision. Complications such as vitreous hemorrhage (VH), retinal detachment, intraocular lens dislocation, dropped nucleus, and wound dehiscence may occur as a consequence of this procedure [1]. Many reports have demonstrated that, for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), the risk of cataract [2], as well as postoperative complications, is significantly higher [3,4,5,6,7]. The first retrospective case–control study that undertook a risk assessment of cataract surgery in patients with ESRD was reported in 2020 [8]. Patients with ESRD were found to be more likely to experience VH, reoperation for dropped nucleus or vitreous complications, and corneal edema within 3 months of cataract surgery
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