Hematopoietic activity of Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) Oken on acetic acid- induced ulcerogenic rats

Background: The abundance of nutrients, vitamins, and fiber in breadfruit has been documented in many literature studies that can hardly be exhausted and are consumed majorly by the Igbos and other southern parts of Nigeria to ameliorate hunger.
 Aim: This study however was aimed at determining the effect of feeds fortified with grilled, preboiled, and cooked breadfruit on hematological indices of wistar rats.
 Methods: Hematological parameters were determined using an automated hematology analyzer (Mindray-BC-5300). The parameters analyzed include Hemoglobin (HGB), Packed Cell Volume (PCV), Red Blood Cells (RBC), Platelets (PLT), Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC), White Blood Cells (WBC), Neutrophils (NEUT), Lymphocytes (LYMPH), Monocytes (MON), Eosinophils (EOS) and Basophils (BAS).
 Results: The result from the experiment indicated that all fortified groups showed no significant increase or decrease (p>0.05) in their HGB, PCV, RBC, PLT, MCV, MCH and MCHC when compared with their respective controls. The white blood cell, neutrophil and eosinophil concentrations of the experimental rats significantly increased (p<0.05) compared with the normal control group. A significant decrease (p<0.05) was observed in the lymphocyte and basophil concentration. The monocyte levels of the experimental rats showed a non-significant increase or decrease (p>0.05) in all the groups with respect to the normal control.
 Conclusion: It may however be safe to infer that fortification of feed with breadfruit has no negative effect on the physiological status of the experimental animals as all the hematological parameters remained within range.

Aim: Anemia is a common health challenge caused by a decrease in hemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume and red blood cells. Some medicinal plants have antianaemic properties and can be used as a remedy to treat anemia. This study investigates the anti-anemic properties of ethanol extract of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (EECA) leaves in phenylhydrazine-induced anemic rats. Methods: Acute toxicity (LD50) was done using Lorke’s method. Twenty-five (25) male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into five groups of five rats each and used for the antianemic studies. Group A, B, and C served as the normal control, anemic untreated (negative control), and anemic group treated with 1ml/kg emzoron (positive control), respectively. Groups D and E were treated with 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg of ethanol extract of C. aconitifolius respectively by oral gavage once a day for 14 days. Anemia was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 20 mg/kg phenylhydrazine for four consecutive days in groups B to E. At the end of 14 days treatment, biochemical analysis were done using standard diagnostic methods and haematological parameters were analysed using an automated haematology analyzer (Mindray-BC-5300). Results: The result of the LD50 study showed that the extract may not be very toxic. The extract was able to restore the impaired biochemical parameters caused by phenylhydrazine to normal after 14 days of treatment. The antianemic effects of EECA was demonstrated by significant increases (p<0.05) in the hemoglobin (HGB), packed cell volume (PCV) and red blood cell (RBC) count of the extract-treated groups after 14 days of treatment compared to the anemic untreated control group. There was a better increase in the hemoglobin levels of 100 mg/kg EECA (13.40±0.35) compared to 200 mg/kg EECA (12.50±0.45). Also, the packed cell volume increased more in 100 mg/kg EECA (40.97±0.87) compared to 200 mg/kg EECA (38.73±1.63). A better increase was observed in the red blood cell count of 100 mg/kg EECA (5.83±0.35) compared to 200 mg/kg EECA (5.55±0.44). Conclusion: The EECA was well tolerated by the animals as was seen from the results of the biochemical parameters. The extract also improved the haematological parameters of the animals. The animals that were treated with 100 mg/kg bodyweight yielded a far much better result by totally restoring the haematological parameters of the phenylhydrazine-induced anemic rats to normal without any observable alterations in the biochemical parameters investigated.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the Dichloromethane-Methanol (DCM-MeOH) extract of Cymbopogon citratus on selected haematological parameters and to identify the phytochemical components present in the extract. The (DCM-MeOH) extract of the plant was obtained by 72 h cold maceration and was subjected to haematological screening. Four groups of rats were used; group 1 served as normal control which received distilled water, groups 2, 3, and 4 received daily administration of (DCM-MeOH) extract of C. citratus (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) for 21 days per oral. Haematological analyses were performed weekly for the red blood cell count (RBC), white blood cell count (WBC), packed cell volume (PCV), and haemoglobin concentration (HB) with an absolute count of differential leucocyte were determined. The acute toxicity study on the extract did not produce any lethality up to 5000 mg/kg in mice. The result of the study showed a significant (P < 0.05) effect to varying degrees in the weight and haemoglobin while the RBC, PCV, differential leucocyte count (DLC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) did not have significant (P > 0.05) effect as compared with the normal control group and baseline values. The qualitative phytochemical screening showed the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, steroids and reducing sugars while protein, carbohydrate, fat and oil, glycosides and saponins were absent in the extract. However, quantitative phytochemical studies showed that the extract contained alkaloids (465.83 mg/100g), flavonoids (119.00 mg/100g), tannins (16.25 mg/100g), terpenoids (203.36), total phenols (1897.58). The findings from this study showed that DCM-MeOH extract of C. citratus does not have any significant effect on most haematological parameters in normal healthy albino rats.

Hematology and serum biochemical analyses are integral parts of the clinical evaluation of sick animals. This is especially true regarding the clinical care of wildlife species, where clinical signs and historical data relating to the particular illness are often not available. Therefore, this study was designed to report various hematology and serum biochemistry parameters in Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx). Various hematology and serum biochemistry parameters were determined in 49 Arabian oryx of various ages and sexes. Hematology parameters included total red blood cells (RBC), packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), MCH concentration, and total leukocyte count (white blood cell) using an automated hematology analyzer. Serum biochemistry variables included glucose (Trinder method), total protein (biuret method), albumin using the Bromcresol Green (BCG) method, and blood urea nitrogen (colorimetric method). In addition, serum electrolyte concentrations of calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus were determined using colorimetric methods. There was a significant difference in RBC count, PCV, and serum glucose concentration between adult and young Arabian oryx. The RBC count was significantly higher in males than in females, whereas the serum glucose concentration was significantly higher in females. Results of this study showed significant differences in RBC, PCV, and serum glucose concentration between apparently normal young and Adult Arabian oryx. Similar differences were also detected between normal males and females. Knowledge of these data could prove vital in the clinical evaluation of the health status of this wildlife species.

The aim of the present study was to examine and understand changes in platelet functions prior to and after the treatment of primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) in children. An automatic hematology analyzer and whole blood flow cytometry were used to detect immature platelet fraction (IPF), IPC and membrane glycoproteins (CD62p, PAC-1 and CD42b) in ITP children (ITP group), children with complete response after ITP treatment (ITP-CR group) and children with elective surgery (normal control group). The results showed that, levels of platelet count (PLT) and plateletcrit in the ITP group were lower alhtough the levels of mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width and platelet-large cell ratio (P-LCR) were higher than those in the normal control and ITP-CR groups. PLT in the ITP-CR group was lower than that in the normal controls. Additionally, IPF% was higher in the normal control and ITP-CR groups, IPC was lower in the ITP group compared to the normal control and ITP-CR groups. Furthermore, prior to ADP activation, the expression levels of CD62p, PAC-1 and CD42b in the ITP group were lower in ITP group than those in the normal control and ITP-CR groups. The expression level of PAC-1 was lower in the ITP-CR and normal control groups. No differences were identified in CD62p and CD42b expression levels. Following ATP activation, CD62p, PAC-1 and CD42b expression in the ITP group was lower than that in the normal control and ITP-CR groups. PAC-1 expression was lower while CD62p expression was higher in the ITP-CR group compared to the normal control group. In conclusion, the activation of platelets in ITP children was low. Decreased platelet function, platelet parameters and platelet glycoproteins may be used as markers for monitoring the treatment efficacy in ITP children.

Background: Bronchial asthma is a disease characterized by aberrant leukocyte trafficking and allergic inflammation. This study investigated the distribution of the various leukocyte subsets and some erythropoietic indices in asthma patients on inhaled corticosteroids.Methodology: This is a comparative cross‒sectional study involving 108 adult asthmatic patients on inhaled corticosteroids and 108 healthy adults. Socio‒demographic and clinical data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Four milliliters of blood sample was collected from each study participant for hematological analysis. Full blood count and differential leukocyte count were done using an automated hematology analyzer. The mean and standard deviation of the measured parameters were calculated and inter-group comparison was made. The significance level was set at p‒value ≤ 0.05.Result: The absolute and relative counts of neutrophils, eosinophil and, basophil were significantly elevated in asthmatic patients compared to control group. On the other hand, relative and absolute counts of monocytes and lymphocytes were significantly lower in asthmatic patients compared to the normal healthy control. The packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell count (RBC) and hemoglobin concentration (Hb) were significantly low in asthmatic patients compared to the control group.Conclusion: Asthma patients on corticosteroids have altered hematological parameters compared to apparently healthy controls

BackgroundAnaemia is a common health problem in the developing world. This condition is characterized by a reduction in erythrocyte density, primarily from malnutrition and/or infectious diseases such as malaria. As red blood cells are the primary source of protein for haematophagous mosquitoes, any reduction could impede the ability of mosquito vectors to transmit malaria by influencing their fitness or that of the parasites they transmit. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of differences in the density of red blood cells in human blood on malaria vector (Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto) fitness. The hypotheses tested are that mosquito vector energetic reserves and fitness are negatively influenced by reductions in the red cell density of host human blood meals commensurate with those expected from severe anaemia.MethodsMosquitoes (An. gambiae s.s.) were offered blood meals of different packed cell volume (PCV) of human blood consistent with those arising from severe anaemia (15%) and normal PCV (50%). Associations between mosquito energetic reserves (lipid, glucose and glycogen) and fitness measures (reproduction and survival) and blood meal PCV were investigated.ResultsThe amount of protein that malaria vectors acquired from blood feeding (indexed by haematin excretion) was significantly reduced at low blood PCV. However, mosquitoes feeding on blood of low PCV had the same oviposition rates as those feeding on blood of normal PCV, and showed an increase in egg production of around 15%. The long-term survival of An. gambiae s.s was reduced after feeding on low PCV blood, but PCV had no significant impact on the proportion of mosquitoes surviving through the minimal period required to develop and transmit malaria parasites (estimated as 14 days post-blood feeding). The impact of blood PCV on the energetic reserves of mosquitoes was relatively minor.ConclusionsThese results suggest that feeding on human hosts whose PCV has been depleted due to severe anaemia does not significantly reduce the fitness or transmission potential of malaria vectors, and indicates that mosquitoes may be able exploit resources for reproduction more efficiently from blood of low rather than normal PCV.

To explore the effect of titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles on hemogram in rats with gastric ulcer. Physicochemical properties of TiO₂ nanoparticles were characterized. Twenty-four clear class SD male rats, aging 8 week-old, were randomly divided into 4 groups, 6 rats for each group. 20% acetic acid were injected into the rats' stomach on the border of gastric body and pyloric antrum, and hereby established the gastric ulcer model. The rats in 4 groups were exposed to TiO₂ nanoparticles through intragastric administration at 0, 10, 50 and 200 mg/kg body weight respectively for 30 days. Afterwards, the rats were conducted blood routine test and blood coagulation test for analysis. TiO₂ nanoparticles were anatase crystals, closely spherical shape, whose average grain diameter was (75 ± 15) nm. The levels of white blood cell (WBC) count ((8.48 ± 3.28)×10⁹/L), lymphocyte (LYM) ((6.85 ± 2.53)×10⁹/L), monocyte (MOD) ((0.27 ± 0.12)×10⁹/L), granulocyte (GRN) ((1.37 ± 0.86)×10⁹/L), red blood cell (RBC) ((8.20 ± 0.49)×10⁹/L) and hematocrit (HCT) ((45.3 ± 1.4)%) in the 200 mg/kg dose group were significantly higher than those in the control group ((2.63 ± 0.34)×10⁹/L, (2.25 ± 0.26)×10⁹/L, (0.05 ± 0.06)×10⁹/L, (0.33 ± 0.26)× 10⁹/L, (4.87 ± 2.37)×10⁹/L and (27.2 ± 13.3)%, respectively; t values were -3.449, -3.825, -3.554, -3.097, -2.972 and -2.936 respectively, P values all < 0.05). The levels of WBC ((6.88 ± 3.06)×10⁹/L), MOD ((0.20 ± 0.07)×10⁹/L), RBC ((7.79 ± 0.48)×10⁹/L) and HCT ((42.7 ± 2.8)%) in 50 mg/kg dose group were also statistically higher than those in the control group (t values were -2.507, -2.367, -2.605 and -2.511 respectively, all P values < 0.05). There was no statistically difference found in other blood routine index and coagulation index between the three experimental groups and control group. The long term intake of TiO₂ nanoparticles caused a statistically increase in the amount of WBC and RBC in rats with gastric ulcer; however, there was no obvious changes found in blood platelet and coagulation index.

The cross-sectional study was designed to analyze the morphological changes occurring in red blood cells (RBCs) among patients with type II diabetes mellitus (type II DM) and to investigate the association of these changes with various blood cell indices. A total of 180 participants aged 20-65 years were divided into three groups: untreated type II DM (n = 60), treated type II DM (n = 60), and healthy controls (n = 60). Blood samples were collected, and blood cell indices were analyzed using an automated hematology analyzer. The patient's demographic characteristics, hemoglobin (Hb), fasting and postprandial glucose level, and HbA1C (%) were measured and correlated with RBC indices. RBC morphology was examined through bright-field and scanning electron microscopy. A significant reduction in mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and packed cell volume in both treated and untreated type II DM groups was observed than in controls. Hb levels were significantly higher in untreated male patients, while untreated females had lower Hb levels. Significant increases in burr cells and acanthocytes were observed in type II DM patients, suggesting impaired RBC function due to hyperglycemia and oxidative stress. Negative correlations between MCV, MCH, and HbA1C levels were observed, indicating that higher blood sugar levels were associated with smaller RBCs and reduced Hb content. The study also highlighted gender-specific differences in RBC indices, with female patients showing a greater reduction in MCHC. These findings suggest that type II DM significantly affects RBC morphology and function, emphasizing the need for early monitoring and management of blood glucose levels to prevent further hematological complications.

Purpose: To evaluate the ameliorative effects of aqueous ginger extract on sperm quality and haematology in lead acetate-treated male albino rats.Methods: Twenty-four male albino rats used for this study were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 6). Group 1 was the normal control. Lead acetate (4 mg/kg) was given to group 2 for 6 weeks. Lead acetate (4 mg/kg) and ginger (300 mg/kg) were given to group 4 simultaneously for 6 weeks, while group 4 was given lead acetate (4 mg/kg) for 6 weeks, and then, ginger (300 mg/kg) for another 6 weeks. Haematological parameters, including packed cell volume (PCV), white blood cell (WBC) and red blood cell (RBC) counts, hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, and differential leukocyte count were evaluated in blood obtained from the retrobulbal plexus of the rats.Results: Sperm motility and viability were markedly lower (p &lt; 0.05) in group 2, in comparison to groups 1 and 3, while sperm motility and viability in group 3 were similar, but differed from group 1 (p &lt; 0.05). The sperm motility and sperm viability of groups 4 and 2 were comparable. Haematological profile showed a marked reduction in the RBC of rats in group 2, when compared to those in groups 1 and 3. The WBC of group 2 was significantly higher than those of groups 1, 3 and 4 (p &lt; 0.05).Conclusion: The results indicate that aqueous ginger extract has the potential to protect sperm quality and haematology in lead acetate treated male rats.&#x0D; Keywords: Ginger, Lead acetate, Sperm quality, Haematology

Background Because of varying reports, there is still need to investigate the impact of wrestling on hematological indices. Objectives We investigated differences in the basic hematological indices in wrestlers compared to sedentary controls. Patients and Methods The blood samples containing anticoagulant were collected from 12 male elite wrestlers (age = 24 ± 1.2 years, weight = 76 ± 5 Kg) with a history of more than 9.5 years of experience and from 13 apparently healthy male silent controls (age = 24 ± 0.8 years, weight = 85 ± 4 Kg). All the participants were at rest for 24 hours during the blood collection. Red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular Hb concentration (MCHC), total and differential white blood cell (WBC) counts, and platelet count were analyzed using an automated hematology analyzer. Results Concentration of Hb (154 ± 2 g/L), PCV (45.3 ± 0.6%), and lymphocyte percent (22.6 ± 3%) were lower in wrestlers than in the controls (Hb: 165 ± 3 g/L, PCV: 48.6 ± 0.8%, and lymphocyte: 33.2 ± 2%). However, higher neutrophil count (68.7 ± 3%) was seen in the athletes than in the controls (60.6 ± 2%). The other indices showed no differences between the two groups. Conclusions A low level of Hb concentration and PCV was detected in the blood of wrestlers. In addition, lymphocyte/neutrophil ratio was lower in the wrestlers, which may be a reason for wrestlers’ susceptibility to viral infections.

Momordica charantia has long been abused in northern Nigeria for treating diabetes mellitus, cancer, irregular stomach, fever, and birth control. It has been noted that the majority of those affected are those living in rural areas where access to modern medical facilities is limited, with 80% of them depending on traditional medicine. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of oral administration of bromelain-derived better gourd seed protein hydrolysate on some hematological parameters in healthy wister albino rats. Bromelain-derived better gourd seed protein hydrolysate was produced by hydrolysis of better gourd seed using bromelain enzyme. Fifty (50) healthy wister albino rats were grouped according to their body weights. Normal control group was administered orally with distilled water daily for twenty-eight (28) days. Test groups T100, T200, T400 and T800 were administered orally with 100, 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg body weight of bromelain-derived better gourd seed protein hydrolysate for twenty-eight (28) days respectively. The rats were humanely sacrificed, blood samples were collected through cervical dislocation, for evaluation of some hematological parameters (red blood cell (RBC), white blood cell (WBC), hemoglobin (HB), packed cell volume (PCV), platelet (PLT), cholesterol (CHOL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides (TG), urea, creatinine, alanine aminotransferases (ALAT) and aspartate aminotransferases (ASAT). One-way ANOVA was used to compare the mean of some of the hematological parameters. It was observed that bromelain-derived better gourd seed protein hydrolysate elevates the white blood cell (WBC) count and packed cell volume (PCV) when compared to the normal control group at doses of 400 and 800 mg/kg body weight. There was an increase in the value of alanine and aspartate aminotransferases (ALAT and ASAT respectively) in groups treated with higher dose of 800 mg/kg body weight bromelain-derived bitter gourd seed protein hydrolysate when compared to the normal control group. It was also observed that the red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin (HB), platelet (PLT), cholesterol (CHOL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides (TG), urea, and creatinine of the groups treated with bromelain-derived better gourd seed protein hydrolysate showed no significant changes in values when compared to the normal control group. The bromelain-derived better gourd seed protein hydrolysate at high dose has potential in elevating some of the hematological parameters (WBC, PCV, ALAT, and ASAT) which might have toxic effect on the liver and hematopoietic system.

ObjectiveThe objective of this work was to explore the similarities and differences between the automatic hematology analyzer method and the traditional slide method in the detection of red blood cell (RBC) agglutination, and demonstrate that the automatic hematology analyzer is more intuitive and reliable for the detection of RBC agglutination. A further objective was to establish a new method to facilitate new ideas for clinical research. MethodsType A serum was selected and diluted 1:2, 1:4, 1:8, 1:16, and 1:32, to react with the type B cells and the normal saline group was used as the control group. An RBC count was performed using an automatic hematology analyzer, after incubation in a warm bath for 30 min. The degree of agglutination on the glass slide was also recorded. A positive serum of antinuclear antibody (ANA) was collected and RBC agglutination between RBC-O and ANA positive serum was determined using the automatic hematology analyzer method. ResultThe relationship between the results from the automatic hematology analyzer and the agglutination strength using the glass slide method was determined. There was a significant difference between the serum of ANA positive patients and the normal control group (P < 0.05). ConclusionA new method for detecting RBC agglutination using an automatic hematology analyzer has been established and is a valid tool for clinical research.

The aqueous stem extract of Jatropha gossypiifolia var. gossypiifolia was obtained and reconstituted daily and orally administered to animal according to weights. In acute toxicity study, a single oral dose of 5000 mg/kg body weight was administered and toxic signs and behaviour were observed and the weight, monitored for 14 days. In repeated dose, test extract was administered daily for 28 days at various doses of 250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, 750 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg respectively. The packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell count (RBC), differential leucocyte counts. total white blood cell count (WBC), Haemoglobin concentration (Hb), and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) plasma proteins, plasma bilirubin, albumin, liver enzymes such as aspartate amino transferase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), plasma electrocytes (Na , K , Cl and urea) of the rats were determined on days 14 and 28. While the weight of the rats + + - were simultaneously monitored in both set of the experiments. There were no significant changes in the PCV, RBC, Hb and MCHC, while significant increase (p showed remarkable increase in weights throughout the study period. It is concluded that extract of Jatropha gossypiifolia var gossypiifolia does not have toxic effect on blood parameters and stimulate weight increases in rats and therefore can be medicinally useful on further investigation.

This study investigated the effect of aqueous extract of the aerial parts of Leonurus cardiaca on cisplatin-induced hepato-renal damage in male Wistar albino rats. Sixty male wistar albino rats weighing between 180 and 220g were used for this study. The rats were grouped into 12 groups, five rats per group. Group 1 served as normal control, group 2 received 5mg/kg weight of cisplatin, serving as negative control while group 3 received 5mg/kg b.w of cisplatin and treated with 25mg/kg weight of hydrochlorothiazide and served as positive control. Group 4-12 rats were cisplatin-induced cardiovascular damage treated with Leonurus cardiaca extract at 166, 250, and 500mg/kg for 7, 14, and 21 days. Biochemical assays were determined using standard methods and procedures. The Na+, Cl-, HCO3-, creatinine, and urea levels of kidney homogenate of group 7 treated rats with the extract at 250mg/kg b.w for 7 days were 123.05±0.01mmol/l, 1.07±0.01mmol/l, 27.27±0.01mmol/l, 13.63±0.01mmol/l, 0.68±0.02mmol/l, and 1.14±0.01mmol/l respectively and were significantly increased when compared to the negative and normal control groups. Similar increases occurred for 14 and 21 days treatments. The kidney homogenate Na+, Cl-, HCO3, creatinine, and urea of group 7 treated rats with the extract at 500mg/kg b.w for 7 days were 158.05±0.01mmol/l, 3.03±0.01mmol/l, 31.13±0.01mmol/l, 19.46±0.01mmol/l, 2.06±0.00mmol/l, and 2.03±0.01mmol/l respectively. Values were significantly increased (p&lt;0.05) in comparison to the normal and negative control groups. Similar increases were observed for 14 and 21 days treatments. The plasma ALT, ALP, and AST activities were 187.35±0.00U/L, 98.03±0.01U/L, 185.64±40.81U/L respectively, were significantly decreased (p&lt;0.05) in comparison to negative control treated with the extract at 250mg/kg b.w for 14 days. The plasma ALT, ALP, and AST activities of group 10 rats treated with the extract at 500mg/kg b.w for 7 days were 164.24±0.01U/L, 87.02±0.01U/L, and 183.74±0.01U/L respectively and were significantly decreased (p&lt;0.05) in comparison to negative control. The hepato-renal curative potential of Leonurus cardiaca could be attributed in part to its ability in enhancing liver and kidney regeneration.