Abstract
The high concentration of detergent in the aquatic ecosystem potentially affects the physiological condition of the fish by disrupting the respiration process and changing the concentration of blood components and chemistry. The purpose of this study was to determine the condition of the hematological parameters of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to wastewater from the laundry industry. Each treatment was stocked with five fish per aquarium (50 x 30 x 30 cm). This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) technique with six treatments and three replications: P0 (0%) as a control, P1 (1%), P2 (2%), P3 (3%), P4 (4%) and P5 (5%) with each treatment exposed to a specific concentration of wastewater and residues. The results showed that the hemoglobin levels of treatments were decreasing, with the lowest mean of hemoglobin level found in the P2 (7.05 gr%), and the lowest concentration on the 30th day was 7.71 gr%. There were no significant effects of wastewater to the number of erythrocytes and leucocytes among treatments (P>0.05). While there were increasing levels of hematocrit, the largest mean level was found in the P4 treatment with a value of 24.11%, and the largest mean on the 20th day of observation showed a value of 23.51%. Wastewater from the laundry industry can affect the hematological condition of tilapia by decreasing the hemoglobin concentration and increasing the hematocrit levels above the normal condition.
Highlights
Detergent is a type of water-soluble surfactant used to remove impurities from laundry in the household and laundry industries
This study aimed to determine the condition of the hematological parameters of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to wastewater from the laundry industry
This research was conducted by using a completely randomized design (CRD) method consisting of six treatments and three repetitions: P0 (0%), P1 (1%), P2 (2%), P3 (3%), P4 (4%) and P5 (5%) with each treatment exposed to a specific concentration of wastewater and residues from laundry industry
Summary
Detergent is a type of water-soluble surfactant used to remove impurities from laundry in the household and laundry industries. The laundry industry's work process is simple and straightforward: to dissolve detergents in water because detergents have a better hardness than soap (Yuliani et al, 2015) This industry will produce wastewater that contains detergents, which are discharged directly to the nearest aquatic environment. The accumulation of detergent from the laundry industry will cause a low supply of dissolved oxygen (DO) in the water. This condition will disrupt air-breathing fish (Lee et al, 2012; Franklin, 2014), reduce the energy as DO declined (Tran‐Duy et al, 2012), and cause death for a longer period of time This research contribution is expected to provide effective strategies for controlling laundry wastewater's negative impact on the aquatic life and environment, mainly to fish
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