Abstract
The present work, aimed to estimation the physicochemical characters of water and metals Aluminum (Al), Chrome (Cr), Manganese (Mn), Iron (Fe), Cobalt (Co), Nickel (Ni), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Selenium (Se), Cadmium (Cd) and Lead (Pb) accumulation in sediments and different fish organs (gills, intestine, kidney, liver, muscles, ovary, testis and skin) of Oreochromis niloticus, which collected from sewage water in El-kharja, New Valley, Egypt using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The present study showed that Fe was the highest accumulation level in water, sediments and fish tissue. Metals concentration in water following trend: Fe>Al>Mn>Ni>Zn>Pb>Cr>Se>Cu>Co>Cd. However, metals accumulations in sediments were as follows: Fe>Al>Ni>Mn>Cr>Cu>Zn>Pb>Cd>Se>Co. Also, liver was highest accumulated metals organ, while muscles recorded the lowest concentration of metals. Metals accumulation trend was: Liver>Kidney>Ovary>Intestine>Gills>Testes>Skin>Muscle. In conclusion, the present study revealed that the accumulation of Al, Fe, Mn, Ni and Pb in water were above the permissible limits. However, Al and Fe in muscles were above the permissible limits. This study showed that results of water toxicity tests and metals accumulation in fish may be used together in the water quality assessment.
Highlights
Water contamination caused when an input from human activities cause an increase of a substance in fresh water, sediments and organisms above the natural background level for that area and for those organisms [1]
The present study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics of water, sediments and determination of heavy metals in different tissues Oreochromis niloticus from El-Shikh Pond
The negative impact of different sources of pollutants discharged into the selected area; water confirmed by conductivity, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, nitrogen and nitrate content in El-Shikh pond as shown in table 1
Summary
Water contamination caused when an input from human activities cause an increase of a substance in fresh water, sediments and organisms above the natural background level for that area and for those organisms [1]. Though chemical monitoring of water and sediment is a common and reliable measure to describe the degree of contamination, it is not the case for the overall assessment for evaluating the effects of pollution on the environment as toxic or biological effects on organisms cannot be obtained by this method. Organisms in aquatic environments are usually exposed to a complex mixture of chemicals causing multiple damages at the organisms, population and ecosystem level, in organ function [3, 4]. Different compounds in polluted water are reported to damage the genetic material of exposed organisms and cause genotoxic effects. The toxicity of these elements is due to their ability to cause, oxidative damage to living tissues [5]. The degeneration and malformation (morphological alterations) of the cells reflect one aspect of the cytotoxic impacts after exposure to pollutants and serve as an index of cytotoxicity [7,8,9]
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