Heat transfer augmentation in shell and tube heat exchangers using copper oxide nanofluid with modified geometry: A numerical investigation

Abstract

Heat-transfer liquids have been used in the past have a limited number of thermal properties. As a result, there is an ever-increasing need for liquids with extreme thermal properties. Thermo-liquid characteristics are critical for high-heat-transfer-efficiency device augmentation. A nano solution is a mixture of submicron oxide or metal particles in a base liquid such as distilled water, water, oil or ethylene glycol with particles usually less than hundred nanometres. Square ribs are attached inside the tube. In recent years, a slew of research have been conducted to determine how nano liquid affects the rate of heat transfer augmentation in various thermal exchangers. In the heat transfer augmentation utilising nano fluid, the type of nano molecules, their state, the type of foundational fluid, and the proportion of nano particles in the foundational fluid all play a role. CFD analysis was done in this study to determine the impact of square ribs attached inside the tube and the heat transfer capabilities of shell and tube heat exchangers in a counter current configuration, as well as ribs and no ribs conditions using copper oxide nano liquid, were studied using various concentrations of copper oxide nano elements integrated in distilled water. Theoretically, copper oxide nano liquids with volume concentrations of 0.01% and 0.02% are created. In compared to water, the coefficient of total heat transfer and rate of total heat transfer rise as the volume concentration of copper oxide nano molecules rises, according to the findings.