Abstract
Background: The Health Promotion Model (HPM) indicates that each person is a biopsychosocial creature that is partially shaped by the environment, but also seeks to create an environment in which inherent and acquired human potential can be fully expressed. The HPM is proposed as a holistic predictive model of health-promoting behavior for use in research and practice. Purpose: The purpose of this review is to examine how the HPM has been applied in various research studies. Methods: An integrative review was used to find studies that were guided by the HPM. Data search was between 2008 to 2018 using Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, PubMed, Medline, CINAHL, EBSCO, Cochrane, ERIC, Joanna Briggs Institute and EBSCO host. The keywords used were Pender’s and Health Promotion Model. Results: Seventeen studies were reviewed; most of them were quantitative studies. These studies discussed variables from the HPM. Most of the study variables were measured using instruments derived from the HPM. The results of the reviewed studies revealed that the HPM had predictive value in estimating health-promoting behaviors. Conclusion: The HPM was widely established in the nursing community and was implemented in nursing practice, education, and research. In addition, the HPM constructs were used to hypothesize conceptual frameworks in many studies to predict health-promoting behaviors in many chronic diseases.
Highlights
IntroductionHealth Promotion Model (HPM) has been tested in different populations and settings
Another study showed that, the Health Promotion Model (HPM) accounted for 37% of the variance in Physical Activity (PA) but did not represent a good data fit, there were significant pathways between physical activity (PA) and self-efficacy, enjoyment, and PA modeling, the revised model that included the indirect effects of competing demands explained 34% of the variance in PA and represented a good data fit, and self-efficacy, commitment to planning, and enjoyment were linked to PA
Differences in all HPM constructs, except activity-related affect and social influences, were significant between baseline and follow-up measurements, adolescents in the intervention as compared to the control group were placed in action (70%) or preparation (30%) stages at follow-up, and the results revealed that competing preferences, social norms, role models, and commitment to action plan can significantly predict PA behavior, and the model accounted for 22.5% of the variance in PA [10]
Summary
HPM has been tested in different populations and settings It was widely accepted by the nursing community and is currently used in nursing practice, research and education [5]. For this reason, this literature review comes to examine how the HPM has been applied in various research studies. The Health Promotion Model (HPM) indicates that each person is a biopsychosocial creature that is partially shaped by the environment, and seeks to create an environment in which inherent and acquired human potential can be fully expressed. The HPM is proposed as a holistic predictive model of health-promoting behavior for use in research and practice. The results of the reviewed studies revealed that the HPM had predictive value in estimating health-promoting behaviors. The HPM constructs were used to hypothesize conceptual frameworks in many studies to predict health-promoting behaviors in many chronic diseases
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