Abstract
Hepatitis B, despite of being a controlled infection today, is one of the most common form of hepatitis in the world. According to the experts' evaluation there are about 3 million patients with chronic hepatitis B in our country. The global strategy of the World Health Organization includes the elimination of viral hepatitis by 2030.The program used in the North-West Federal District to eliminate acute hepatitis B has reduced the incidence rate due to the widespread vaccination coverage of children and the annual increase in adult immunization coverage.However, the relevance of HBV-infection in children still remains high which is associated with a high infection by hepatitis B virus in women of childbearing age and the possibility of the transmission of the infection from mother to her child. In case of perinatal infection the formation of chronic hepatitis B in children reaches up to 90%. The natural course of chronic hepatitis B is characterized by a change in pathogenetically determined phases, and HBsAg-negative infection, which is a latent (occult) form of hepatitis, was added to them in 2009. Occult hepatitis B is an epidemiological danger, for the child as well, if the mother suffers from this form of chronic hepatitis B. Monitoring of pregnant women is often limited to identifying only HBsAg, which is not enough to detect occult hepatitis B. Lately diagnosed occult HBV-infection can become a source of the infection for the baby, especially in cases when due to some reasons there are disorders in hepatitis B vaccination schedule after birth. The article presents an interesting clinical case of family hepatitis B.
Highlights
Hepatitis B, despite of being a controlled infection today, is one of the most common form of hepatitis in the world
Согласно классификации Европейской ассоциации изучения печени (EASL), естественное течение хроническим гепатитом В (ХГВ) проходит 5 стадий, 2 из которых протекают с наличием HBeAg, 2 при отсутствии HBeAg и 1 может быть как с наличием, так и с отсутствием HBeAg
3. При развитии у ребенка манифестной формы гепатита своевременно начатая противовирусная терапия дает положительный эффект с возможным выходом в ремиссию (полная нормализация биохимических показателей и длительное отсутствие ДНК HBV в крови)
Summary
Hepatitis B, despite of being a controlled infection today, is one of the most common form of hepatitis in the world. Заболеваемость детей HBV-инфекцией в Санкт-Петербурге составляет 0,4% по отношению к числу беременных женщин с HBsAg [4]. ЖУРНАЛ ИНФЕКТОЛОГИИ Том 13, No3, 2021 факторов, определяемых у беременных женщин с HBV-инфекцией, наиболее актуальными были обострение урогенитальных инфекций (микоплазмоз, хламидиоз) во время беременности, сопутствующие вирусные инфекции (ХГС, ВИЧ), наличие HВeAg и ДНК HBV более 106 МЕ/мл, эти показатели в 85–90% случаев предрасполагают к перинатальной передаче ребенку НВ-вируса, с возможной последующей хронизацией процесса в 90% случаев [5].
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