Abstract
SummaryAchieving the Sustainable Development Goal of climate change mitigation within this century will require adoption of new innovative technologies to control emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O), an important greenhouse gas leading to global warming. This is particularly important in the face of growing fertilizer consumption and continuous land degradation. Currently used tools to mitigate N2O emissions are based on agrochemical inputs and agronomic practices. Emerging technologies include plant breeding approaches to manipulate microbiome activities in agro‐ecosystems, and microbial biotechnology approaches for in situ microbiome manipulation and engineering via use of biochemical, cellular and genome‐editing methods. This article assessed the likely contribution of microbial biotechnology to the mitigation of N2O emissions and discussed how to facilitate the development of environmental‐friendly microbiome‐based biotechnology for sustainable climate change mitigation.
Highlights
Achieving the Sustainable Development Goal of climate change mitigation within this century will require adoption of new innovative technologies to control emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O), an important greenhouse gas leading to global warming
Microbial Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd and Society for Applied Microbiology., Microbial Biotechnology, 10, 1226–1231
Microbial Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd and Society for Applied Microbiology., Microbial Biotechnology, 10, 1226–1231 molecules among microbiomes at the ecosystem level, is becoming more reliable through integrated metabolome and proteome technologies (Leach et al, 2017), which might open up promising microbiome-engineering strategies that could improve N2O mitigation by utilizing naturally evolved microbiome communication channels
Summary
Achieving the Sustainable Development Goal of climate change mitigation within this century will require adoption of new innovative technologies to control emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O), an important greenhouse gas leading to global warming. Plant-based mitigation approaches are targeting at improving crop N-use efficiency ( reducing N accessible to microbiomes) through plant breeding (cultivar selection) or genetic engineering techniques, and utilizing plant physiological traits such as plant-exuded nitrification/denitrification inhibitors or specialized signalling molecules for the selection/inhibition of a specific microbiome that benefits reduced N2O formation and enhanced N2O reduction (Fig. 1).
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