Abstract
A quantitative trait locus GW10 is located on Chromosome 10 by map-based cloning, which encodes a P450 Subfamily protein. The GW10 regulates grain size and grain number in rice involved in the BR pathway. Grain size and grain number play extremely important roles in rice grain yield. Here, we identify GW10, which encodes a P450 subfamily protein and controls grain size and grain number by using Lemont (tropical japonica) as donor parent and HJX74 (indica) as recipient parent. The GW10 locus was mapped into a 14.6kb region in HJX74 genomic on the long arm of chromosome 10. Lower expression of the gw10 in panicle is contributed to the shorter and narrower rice grain, and the increased number of grains per panicle. In contrast, overexpression of GW10 is contributed to longer and wider rice grain. Furthermore, the higher expression levels of some of the brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis and response genes are associated with the NIL-GW10. The sensitivity of the leaf angle to exogenous BR in NIL-GW10 is lower than that in NIL-gw10 and in the KO-GW10, which implied that the GW10 should involve in the brassinosteroid-mediated regulation of rice grain size and grain number.
Highlights
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most crucial cereal foods in the world, which provides over 21%calorie for the world population and over 76% calorie for the Asians, and it has been deeply ingrained in their daily lives (Fitzgerald et al 2009)
QTL analysis showed that the presene of a minor grain size locus qGW10 on the long arm of chromosome 10
The near-isogenic line gw10 which was drived from Lemont produced significantly shorter grain length than that of Nearly Isogenic Lines (NILs)-GW10 (Fig. 1c and d) and the plant of NIL-gw10 is slightly higher than that of the NIL-GW10 (Fig. 1a)
Summary
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most crucial cereal foods in the world, which provides over 21%calorie for the world population and over 76% calorie for the Asians, and it has been deeply ingrained in their daily lives (Fitzgerald et al 2009). A number of major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling grain size have been successfully cloned and described. Grain size could be controlled by transcriptional regulators including GW8 (Wang et al 2012), GLW7 (Si et al 2016), GS2 (Hu et al 2015), GL4 (Wu et al 2017), MADS1 (Yu et al 2018), GS9 (Zhao et al 2018) and GW6a (Song et al 2015; Li et al 2019). In the auxin signaling pathway, TGW6 encodes an indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)-glucose hydrolase activity protein and negatively regulates grain size.
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