Abstract
1. Uncomplicated management of difficult ureteral obstructions has been illustrated in four patients and has been accomplished in several other cases at Loma Linda University using endoscopy in combination with angiographic guide wire and catheter techniques. 2. The elements leading to successful management of such problems include: a) direct endoscopic visualization b) use of guide wire probe technique c) availability of a variety of guide wires and catheters d) fluoroscopic guidance 3. The guide wire probe technique is one approach that has been very successful in placing indwelling catheters past difficult ureteral obstructions.
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