Abstract
The commercial development of guayulins might help spur industrial-scale applications of guayule as an alternative source of natural rubber, making necessary to build knowledge on their seasonal response and accumulation in plants. In the present study, the seasonal content of the four known guayulins (A–D) was profiled in 14 different guayule accessions, including hybrids, from age 13 months to age 23 months. Analysis revealed that the accessions could be categorized into four groups based on guayulin content and potentially reflective of their genetic origin and hybridization: one rich in guayulin A, one rich in guayulin C, one rich in guayulin D, and one with intermediate values. Despite the evident differences in guayulin profiles, all four groups shared the same general response. The content of guayulins A and B increased between April and September, followed by a drastic fall in content in November likely triggered by low temperatures, and then a gradual recovery. By contrast, the content of guayulins C and D was much more stable, especially for those accessions showing the highest production. The relationship between the guayulins was useful to characterize their evolution during the growth cycle, with some groups halting production of guayulins during the summer (group rich in guayulin C) and others initiating production earlier, after the winter period (groups rich in guayulin A and those with intermediate values). The higher producers of guayulins were the accessions 11591(CL-1) and AZ-6, and the best harvest time was between September and November, depending on climatic conditions.
Highlights
Since its discovery in 1852, guayule (Parthenium argentatum Gray) has been studied used as an alternative source of natural rubber (Mooibroek and Cornish, 2000; Rodriguez et al, 1971), attaining a de gree of industrial importance in Mexico before 1930 and because of a shortage in raw materials during World War II and the oil crisis of the 1970s (Nakayama, 2005)
Analysis revealed that the accessions could be categorized into four groups based on guayulin content and potentially reflective of their genetic origin and hybridization: one rich in guayulin A, one rich in guayulin C, one rich in guayulin D, and one with intermediate values
The seasonal variation of guayulin content in 14 guayule accessions cultivated in the same field was evaluated to build knowledge on their seasonal response and accumulation in plants, which may aid in optimizing crop management and estab lishing the best harvesting periods
Summary
Since its discovery in 1852, guayule (Parthenium argentatum Gray) has been studied used as an alternative source of natural rubber (Mooibroek and Cornish, 2000; Rodriguez et al, 1971), attaining a de gree of industrial importance in Mexico before 1930 and because of a shortage in raw materials during World War II and the oil crisis of the 1970s (Nakayama, 2005). Other studies have sought to investi gate the commercial applicability of guayule byproducts from resin (Dehghanizadeh et al, 2021), including fatty acids (Banigan and Meeks, 1953), essential oils (Haagen-Smit and Siu, 1944; Nik et al, 2008) argentatin triterpenes (Romo et al, 1970; Schloman et al, 1986) and guayulin sesquiterpenes (Jara et al, 2019; Rozalen et al, 2021c).
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