Abstract
Thirty-two crossbred steers were used to determine the influence of breed of sire upon growth, carcass quality, and fat, lean and bone distribution. Two sires of each of four breeds, Polled Hereford (noted as a British breed), Charolais, Limousin and Simmental (noted as Continental breeds), were bred to random groups of Angus-Holstein F1 cows. Each Polled Hereford-sired steer was slaughtered at approximately 476 kg with the heaviest steer of each of the other breeds slaughtered on the same day. Mean slaughter ages were 427, 420, 416 and 413 days for Polled Hereford, Charolais, Limousin and Simmental, respectively. There were no significant breed differences for birth weight, 205-day weight, or slaughter age. Polled Hereford-sired steers averaged significantly less for slaughter weight per day of age (P<.05), longissimus muscle area, and percentage trimmed loin but greater for fat thickness (P<.01) than other sire breeds. No significant differences in kidney and pelvic fat or cutability percentages were observed. Carcass weight and edible portion per day of age averaged higher (P<.01) for Charolais- and Limousin-sired steers, with hindquarter percentage greater (P<.05) for Simmentals. Percentage bone from the chuck and rib was greater (P<.05) for Simmental-sired steers than for other sire breeds. Polled Hereford-sired steers had a significantly (P<.01) greater percentage of the total carcass lean in the chuck and less in the loin. Birth and 205-day weights were positively correlated with slaughter weight per day. There were no significant breed of sire differences for final quality grade, marbling, Warner-Bratzler shear value, tenderometer readings or taste panel evaluations. Final grade was correlated (.48) with tenderometer and (.45) with panel tenderness (P<.01). Percentage lean from the four major wholesale cuts was correlated (.53) with edible portion per day and total fat percentage was correlated (−.41) with cutability percentage (P<.01).
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