Growth performance of lapnisan (Aquilaria malaccensis Roxb) seedlings in varying sand concentrations

ESR Endangered Species Research Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsSpecials ESR 6:193-198 (2008) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00129 National Red Lists: the largest global market for IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria Jon Paul Rodríguez1,2,* 1Centro de Ecología, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Apdo. 20632, Caracas 1020-A,Venezuela 2Provita, Apdo. 47552, Caracas 1041-A, Venezuela *Email: jonpaul@ivic.ve ABSTRACT: The 2 major challenges currently confronting the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) with regard to the ‘red listing’ process are the taxonomic, and the geographic growth of the data base. Taxonomic growth refers to the objective of gradually assessing the risk of extinction of all the world’s species and periodically repeating such assessments. Geographic growth refers to the increasing number of people around the world interested in performing extinction risk assessments for various groups of organisms in their region or country. The taxonomic challenge, although a large and demanding task, can be addressed by expanding and strengthening the networks of experts organized within the IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC), which represents a significant scaling-up of a well-developed, known model. However, no current structure within the IUCN has the mandate to address the geographic challenge; this requires the creation of new structures or mechanisms. At least 5 key activities must be implemented to effectively integrate the diffuse network of national assessors into the global red listing process: (1) large-scale publicizing of the Guidelines for Application of IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional Levels, and encouraging the work of national assessors; (2) establishing the IUCN Species Programme as the primary trainer and certifier of multipliers; (3) delegating the majority of training to national institutions; (4) creating a virtual data clearing house for national red lists, seamlessly linked to the global list; and (5) consolidating the IUCN Species Programme as the primary endorser of national red list assessments. Hundreds of regional and national red lists will probably be produced in the next decade using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, particularly because they are now recognized by international agreements such as the 2010 biodiversity target of the Convention on Biological Diversity and the United Nation’s General Assembly Millennium Development Goals. By catalyzing this process, the IUCN would expand the information on the world’s threatened species, while strengthening local scientific capacity for generating and using these data to support conservation action. KEY WORDS: Assessment of extinction risk · Conservation priorities · IUCN Red List · National red lists · Threatened species Full text in pdf format PreviousCite this article as: Rodríguez JP (2008) National Red Lists: the largest global market for IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Endang Species Res 6:193-198. https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00129 Export citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in ESR Vol. 6, No. 2. Online publication date: December 30, 2008 Print ISSN: 1863-5407; Online ISSN: 1613-4796 Copyright © 2008 Inter-Research.

Stopping declines in biodiversity is critically important, but it is only a first step toward achieving more ambitious conservation goals. The absence of an objective and practical definition of species recovery that is applicable across taxonomic groups leads to inconsistent targets in recovery plans and frustrates reporting and maximization of conservation impact. We devised a framework for comprehensively assessing species recovery and conservation success. We propose a definition of a fully recovered species that emphasizes viability, ecological functionality, and representation; and use counterfactual approaches to quantify degree of recovery. This allowed us to calculate a set of 4 conservation metrics that demonstrate impacts of conservation efforts to date (conservation legacy); identify dependence of a species on conservation actions (conservation dependence); quantify expected gains resulting from conservation action in the medium term (conservation gain); and specify requirements to achieve maximum plausible recovery over the long term (recovery potential). These metrics can incentivize the establishment and achievement of ambitious conservation targets. We illustrate their use by applying the framework to a vertebrate, an invertebrate, and a woody and an herbaceous plant. Our approach is a preliminary framework for an International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Green List of Species, which was mandated by a resolution of IUCN members in 2012. Although there are several challenges in applying our proposed framework to a wide range of species, we believe its further development, implementation, and integration with the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species will help catalyze a positive and ambitious vision for conservation that will drive sustained conservation action.

Previous studies show that conservation actions have prevented extinctions, recovered populations, and reduced declining trends in global biodiversity. However, all studies to date have substantially underestimated the difference conservation action makes because they failed to account fully for what would have happened in the absence thereof. We undertook a scenario-based thought experiment to better quantify the effect conservation actions have had on the extinction risk of the world's 235 recognized ungulate species. We did so by comparing species' observed conservation status in 2008 with their estimated status under counterfactual scenarios in which conservation efforts ceased in 1996. We estimated that without conservation at least 148 species would have deteriorated by one International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List category, including 6 species that now would be listed as extinct or extinct in the wild. The overall decline in the conservation status of ungulates would have been nearly 8 times worse than observed. This trend would have been greater still if not for conservation on private lands. While some species have benefited from highly targeted interventions, such as reintroduction, most benefited collaterally from conservation such as habitat protection. We found that the difference conservation action makes to the conservation status of the world's ungulate species is likely to be higher than previously estimated. Increased, and sustained, investment could help achieve further improvements.

The list of threatened species (Red List), established by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), aims to provide global assessments on the extinction risk of species. However, protecting vulnerable populations requires establishing threat criteria at sub-global scales, e.g., national Red Lists. In data-poor contexts, typical of many developing countries, assessing threat status by applying IUCN criteria constitutes a major challenge, which may be one reason for mismatches between national and global Red List assessments. Despite the intense harvesting of threatened elasmobranchs species in Brazilian waters, Brazilian fisheries monitoring has ceased to exist for nearly a decade. This jeopardizes accurate assessment of species’ conservation status at a local scale. In the absence of fisheries records, local ecological knowledge (LEK) provides an alternative option to obtain reliable information on targeted species. We interviewed 186 fishers from four Brazilian Northeastern states, whose recollections spanned six decades and documented catches or sightings of 19 shark species. For eight species with sufficient data, temporal trends in maximum length of sharks caught by fishers of different age-classes were statistically tested. Four species’ maximum length declined over time, while four were primarily captured by elderly fishers, with few or no recent catches reported. Of these species, one is classified more conservatively in the national Red List vs. IUCN Red List, which is supported by LEK results. Contrastingly, two species are classified less conservatively at the national level than by IUCN, such that upgrading and matching IUCN’s conservation criteria is warranted. We suggest that LEK provides support for conservation status listing in data-poor contexts.

ESR Endangered Species Research Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsSpecials ESR 6:161-172 (2008) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00124 The dilemma of accuracy in IUCN Red List categories, as exemplified by hawksbill turtles Eretmochelys imbricata Grahame J. W. Webb1,2,* 1Wildlife Management International, PO Box 530, Sanderson, Northern Territory 0813, Australia 2School of Environmental Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory 0909, Australia *Email: gwebb@wmi.com.au ABSTRACT: Since 1963 the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List has provided the world with a credible and effective call to action for preventing species extinction. However, the criteria for assigning categories of threat (e.g. ‘critically endangered,’ ‘endangered,’ ‘vulnerable’), particularly the ‘decline criteria’ (Criteria A), often exaggerate the real risks of extinction and are thus not accurate. This is exemplified here by hawksbill turtles Eretmochelys imbricata, but the problem is more widespread. There is an expectation by scientists that these accuracy problems will be rectified, yet this is by no means a minor adjustment for the Red List to make, because the Red List itself operates under significant constraints. The Red List is expected to meet the requirements of scientists and advocates, to be consistent with historical precedents, to pursue new directions at the biodiversity level, to meet the often conflicting views and values of diverse IUCN members, and still has to weather the stormy politics of conservation. Proposed changes to listing procedures would need to be scientifically justified, politically acceptable and as benign as possible to ongoing processes, such as biodiversity monitoring. The decline criteria are perhaps the most problematic, and these are examined in more detail here. A fundamental weakness is that they respond more to the challenge of reinstating historical abundance than to avoiding global extinction per se. This could potentially be overcome by using the current decline criteria to make an objective first stage determination based solely on decline (e.g. ‘critically declined’), thereby overcoming almost all scientific objections concerning accuracy. A second-stage assessment could then examine the significance of that decline, in terms of allocating species to the existing extinction risk categories or retaining them as critically declined. There is an increasing conservation and humanitarian expectation that the IUCN, through the Red List, will become more involved with species that are critically declined but well-buffered against global extinction. To use global extinction as the gatekeeper to the IUCN’s involvement in conservation issues today is difficult to justify. KEY WORDS: International Union for Conservation of Nature · IUCN · Red List · Hawksbill turtle Full text in pdf format PreviousNextCite this article as: Webb GJW (2008) The dilemma of accuracy in IUCN Red List categories, as exemplified by hawksbill turtles Eretmochelys imbricata. Endang Species Res 6:161-172. https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00124 Export citation Mail this link - Contents Mailing Lists - RSS Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in ESR Vol. 6, No. 2. Online publication date: December 30, 2008 Print ISSN: 1863-5407; Online ISSN: 1613-4796 Copyright © 2008 Inter-Research.

Since 1963 the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List has pro- vided the world with a credible and effective call to action for preventing species extinction. How- ever, the criteria for assigning categories of threat (e.g. 'critically endangered,' 'endangered,' 'vulner- able'), particularly the 'decline criteria' (Criteria A), often exaggerate the real risks of extinction and are thus not accurate. This is exemplified here by hawksbill turtles Eretmochelys imbricata, but the problem is more widespread. There is an expectation by scientists that these accuracy problems will be rectified, yet this is by no means a minor adjustment for the Red List to make, because the Red List itself operates under significant constraints. The Red List is expected to meet the requirements of sci- entists and advocates, to be consistent with historical precedents, to pursue new directions at the bio- diversity level, to meet the often conflicting views and values of diverse IUCN members, and still has to weather the stormy politics of conservation. Proposed changes to listing procedures would need to be scientifically justified, politically acceptable and as benign as possible to ongoing processes, such as biodiversity monitoring. The decline criteria are perhaps the most problematic, and these are examined in more detail here. A fundamental weakness is that they respond more to the challenge of reinstating historical abundance than to avoiding global extinction per se. This could potentially be overcome by using the current decline criteria to make an objective first stage determination based solely on decline (e.g. 'critically declined'), thereby overcoming almost all scientific objections con- cerning accuracy. A second-stage assessment could then examine the significance of that decline, in terms of allocating species to the existing extinction risk categories or retaining them as critically declined. There is an increasing conservation and humanitarian expectation that the IUCN, through the Red List, will become more involved with species that are critically declined but well-buffered against global extinction. To use global extinction as the gatekeeper to the IUCN's involvement in conservation issues today is difficult to justify.

The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species was increasingly used during the 1980s to assess the conservation status of species for policy and planning purposes. This use stimulated the development of a new set of quantitative criteria for listing species in the categories of threat: critically endangered, endangered, and vulnerable. These criteria, which were intended to be applicable to all species except microorganisms, were part of a broader system for classifying threatened species and were fully implemented by IUCN in 2000. The system and the criteria have been widely used by conservation practitioners and scientists and now underpin one indicator being used to assess the Convention on Biological Diversity 2010 biodiversity target. We describe the process and the technical background to the IUCN Red List system. The criteria refer to fundamental biological processes underlying population decline and extinction. But given major differences between species, the threatening processes affecting them, and the paucity of knowledge relating to most species, the IUCN system had to be both broad and flexible to be applicable to the majority of described species. The system was designed to measure the symptoms of extinction risk, and uses 5 independent criteria relating to aspects of population loss and decline of range size. A species is assigned to a threat category if it meets the quantitative threshold for at least one criterion. The criteria and the accompanying rules and guidelines used by IUCN are intended to increase the consistency, transparency, and validity of its categorization system, but it necessitates some compromises that affect the applicability of the system and the species lists that result. In particular, choices were made over the assessment of uncertainty, poorly known species, depleted species, population decline, restricted ranges, and rarity; all of these affect the way red lists should be viewed and used. Processes related to priority setting and the development of national red lists need to take account of some assumptions in the formulation of the criteria.

It is estimated that the global yearly expenditure on biodiversity conservation action exceeds one billion U.S. dollars. One of the key tools for prioritizing conservation actions is the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List, the most authoritative and comprehensive source of information on the global extinction risk of species (covering ca. 60,000 as of today). While IUCN's vision is to increase the taxonomic coverage of the Red List, no adequate plan exists to keep it up to date. As species assessments become outdated after 10 years under IUCN rules, our simulations reveal that with the limited budget currently available for reassessment, most of the Red Listing effort may be wasted soon. Indeed, 17% of the species’ assessments are already outdated. To minimize the budget needed to keep assessments up to date in the Red List, we propose a mixed strategy of online reassessments and budget growth. We show that largely replacing workshops with online consultations is a more sustainable strategy that would save U.S. $2.8 million per year (35% of the budget). Sharing the cost of such a strategy among Organization for Economic Co‐operation and Development (OECD) countries (U.S. $156,000 per country per year) would ensure that the multimillion dollar spending based on the Red List remains effective in the long term.

Many citizen scientists are highly motivated to help address the current extinction crisis. Their work is making valuable contributions to protecting species by raising awareness, identifying species occurrences, assessing population trends, and informing direct management actions, such as captive breeding. However, clear guidance is lacking about how to use existing citizen science data sets and how to design effective citizen science programs that directly inform extinction risk assessments and resulting conservation actions based on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List criteria. This may be because of a mismatch between what citizen science can deliver to address extinction risk and the reality of what is needed to inform threatened species listing based on IUCN criteria. To overcome this problem, we examined each IUCN Red List criterion (A–E) relative to the five major types of citizen science outputs relevant to IUCN assessments (occurrence data, presence–absence observations, structured surveys, physical samples, and narratives) to recommend which outputs are most suited to use when applying the IUCN extinction risk assessment process. We explored real‐world examples of citizen science projects on amphibians and fungi that have delivered valuable data and knowledge for IUCN assessments. We found that although occurrence data are routinely used in the assessment process, simply adding more observations of occurrence from citizen science information may not be as valuable as inclusion of more nuanced data types, such as presence–absence data or information on threats from structured surveys. We then explored the characteristics of citizen science projects that have already delivered valuable data to support assessments. These projects were led by recognized experts who champion and validate citizen science data, thereby giving greater confidence in its accuracy. We urge increased recognition of the value of citizen science data within the assessment process.

Global biodiversity decline is continuing largely unabated. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species (hereafter, Red List) provides us with the gold standard for assessments, but taxonomic coverage, especially for invertebrates and fungi, remains very low. Many players contribute to the Red List knowledge base, especially IUCN Red List partners, IUCN-led assessment projects, and the Specialist Groups and Red List Authorities (RLA) of the IUCN Species Survival Commission. However, it is vital that we develop the next generation of contributors and bring in new, diverse voices to build capacity and to sustain the huge assessment effort required to fill data gaps. Here, we discuss a recently established partner network to build additional capacity for species assessments, by linking academia directly into the assessment processes run by Specialist Groups and RLAs. We aim to increase Red List “literacy” amongst potential future conservationists and help students to increase publication output, form professional networks, and develop writing and research skills. Professors can build Red List learning into their teaching and offer Red Listing opportunities to students as assignments or research projects that directly contribute to the Red List. We discuss the opportunities presented by the approach, especially for underrepresented species groups, and the challenges that remain.

Aquilaria malaccensis belongs to the Thymelaceae family and is frequently encountered in select states of Peninsular Malaysia, notably Terengganu, Kelantan, Pahang, and Johor. Its favorable pharmacological and nutritional attributes have attracted the attention of experts in the pharmaceutical and food industries. They are currently investigating its potential as an organic substitute herb for the formulation of diverse medicinal commodities. In spite of its growing utilization as a supplementary component, it is crucial to acknowledge that improper or excessive consumption of Aquilaria malaccensis leaf extract might pose a risk of oral toxicity. To evaluate this aspect, an acute study was carried out to investigate both the immediate and delayed toxic repercussions of aqueous extract from Aquilaria malaccensis leaves on rats during a 14-day span.The study involved twenty-four female Sprague Dawley rats, divided into four groups: Control (C); 1 ml of distilled water, Treatment 1 (T1); 1 g of Aquilaria malaccensis per kg of body weight, Treatment 2 (T2); 2 g per kg of body weight, and Treatment 3 (T3); 3 g per kg of body weight. The data were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods; one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for parametric data and the Chi-Square test for non-parametric data.The results indicated that both T2 and T3 led to a significant increase in the mean weight of the organ (i.e.,ovary) compared to the control group. However, no significant differences were observed among the treatment groups with regard to weekly food intake (WFI), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and body weight gain (BWG) throughout the 14-day acute oral toxicity assessment. In conclusion, this preliminary study involving female rats suggests that doses of Aquilaria malaccensis up to 3 g/kg of body weight do not result in immediate (within 3-4 hours) or delayed toxic effects over a 14-day period, as evidenced by behavioral and physical, and growth parameter assessments (weekly food intake (WFI), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and body weight gain (BWG). The study indicates that exposing the animals to Aquilaria malaccensis aqueous extract at doses of 1 g, 2 g, and 3 g/kg of body weight does not adversely affect their overall condition. No instances of mortality or severe clinical effects were observed in any of the female rats during this acute oral toxicity study.

The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List Index (RLI) is used to measure trends in extinction risk of species over time. The development of 2 red lists for Spanish vascular flora during the past decade allowed us to apply the IUCN RLI to vascular plants in an area belonging to a global biodiversity hotspot. We used the Spanish Red Lists from 2000 and 2010 to assess changes in level of threat at a national scale and at the subnational scales of Canary Islands, Balearic Islands, and peninsular Spain. We assigned retrospective IUCN categories of threat to 98 species included in the Spanish Red List of 2010 but absent in the Spanish Red List of 2000. In addition, we tested the effect of different random and taxonomic and spatial Spanish samples on the overall RLI value. From 2000 to 2010, the IUCN categories of 768 species changed (10% of Spanish flora), mainly due to improved knowledge (63%), modifications in IUCN criteria (14%), and changes in threat status (12%). All measured national and subnational RLI values decreased during this period, indicating a general decline in the conservation status of the Spanish vascular flora. The Canarian RLI value (0.84) was the lowest, although the fastest deterioration in conservation status occurred on peninsular Spain (from 0.93 in 2000 to 0.92 in 2010). The RLI values based on subsamples of the Spanish Red List were not representative of RLI values for the entire country, which would discourage the use of small areas or small taxonomic samples to assess general trends in the endangerment of national biotas. The role of the RLI in monitoring of changes in biodiversity at the global and regional scales needs further reassessment because additional areas and taxa are necessary to determine whether the index is sufficiently sensitive for use in assessing temporal changes in species' risk of extinction.

This study aims to assess the effect of natural feed mulberry and glicidia against carcass percentage and non-carcass male goats Ettawa crossbreed. This study was conducted for 4 months starting in January to April 2016, located in the Village RanomentaaToari District of Kolaka. This study used 12 male goats Crossbreed Ettawa age ranges of 4-6 months that were placed in 12 individual cages. The materials used are natural feed (Gliricidia leaves and mulberry leaves), water, salt, and medicine. The equipment used is the individual cages, where food, drinking, machetes, scales, basins, cutter, knife, plastic bags, rope and a cutting table. The design used in this study is completely randomized design (CRD) 3 treatments with 4 replications. Treatment 1 (T1) (100% mulberry leaf), T2 (50% of mulberry leaves, 50% Gliricidia leaves) and T3 (100% Gliricidia leaves). The parameters were observed in the study were: weight gain (WG), slaughter weight, carcass weight and percentage, and the percentage of non-carcass weight. The results showed that the average W. Gited Nations T3 (26.98 g/day) was significantly different (P<0.05) with T2 (22.83 g/day) and T1 (22.42 g/day), but T2 and T1 are not significantly different. In line with the average slaughter weight is from highest to lowest T3 (13.29 kg), T2 (11.21 Kg) and T1 (10.37 Kg). Followed by the average carcass weight were significant (P<0.05) as a result of treatment. The average carcass weight T1 (4.17 Kg), T2 (4.24 Kg) and T3 ((5.38 kg). Whereas in the average carcass percentage effect is not significant (P>0.05) as a result of treatment with a range of 38.43 -39.43%. Similarly, the weight of non Kakas and non carcass percentage of the average range of 50.73 to 55.09%. Based on the results research, it can be concluded that the natural feeding mulberry and gliricidia real effect on body weight gain, slaughter weight and carcass weight but had no effect on carcass percentage, non carcass weight and carcass percentage

Sexual behavior of Bali bulls can be expose of libido. The aim of this study was to determine the differences in sexual behavior of Bali bulls with different ages in Kaung Bali Business. The study was conducted for 2 months, from August to September 2023 at the Kaung Bali Business located in Banjar Tegenan, Menanga Village, Rendang District, Karangasem Regency, Bali Province. The design used in this study was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 treatments and 4 replications. Treatment 1 (T1) I2 Bali bulls (2-3 years old), treatment 2 (T2) I3 Bali bulls (3-4 years old), and treatment 3 (T3) I4 Bali bulls (> 4 years old). Each treatment was repeated 4 times and each replication consisted of 1 Bali bull. The variables observed in this study were sexual behavior, namely the length of time making out, the duration of appearance of flehmen, the length of libido, and the time of ejaculation. The results showed that the length of making out (second) T1 (41.00), T2 (21.75), and T3 (30.00); the duration of appearance of flehmen (second) T1 (21.75), T2 (9.75), T3 (16.00); the length of libido (second) T1 (41.00), T2 (21.50), T3 (30.00); and the ejaculation time (second) T1 (54.25), T2 (43.00), T3 (52.50); each variable showed significantly different results (P<0,05). The conclusion of this research is the sexual behavior of Bali bull males at the age of 3-4 years or (I3) with a time of making out of 21.50 seconds, a time of onset of flehmen of 9.75 seconds, a time of libido of 21.50 seconds, and a time of ejaculation of 43.00. second. Showed the best results, and this means that age influences the sexual behavior of Bali bull.

Juvenile red claw, Cherax quadricarinatus, were obtained from a commercial supplier and stocked into twelve 0.04‐ha ponds with an average water depth of approximately 1.1 m at a rate of 1100 red claw per pond (27,170 red claw/ha). Mean stocking weight (±SD) was 6.25 ± 3.0 g. Three replicate ponds were randomly assigned to each of the four treatments. In Treatment 1 (TRT1), red claw were stocked into ponds to which dried alfalfa hay (forage) was added at a rate of 500 kg/ha/mo; Treatment 2 (TRT2) consisted of red claw being fed a prepared diet containing 13% protein; in Treatment 3 (TRT3), red claw were fed a diet containing 13% protein at which had dried alfalfa hay been added at a rate of 500 kg/ha/mo; and in Treatment 4 (TRT4; control), red claw were fed a complete diet containing 28% protein. Water quality measurements were made three times weekly for dissolved oxygen and temperature (am, pm), pH, total ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, and alkalinity averaging 7.17 mg/L, 8.96 mg/L, 25.5 C, 27.3 C, 8.68, 0.39 mg/L, 0.012 mg/L, and 106.5 mg/L, respectively. After 113 d, the final mean weight of red claw fed TRT3 was significantly (P < 0.05) higher (68.10 g) compared to that of red claw fed hay only (49.40 g) but not different from red claw fed TRT2 (56.03 g) and TRT4 (62.10 g). Likewise, red claw fed TRT3 had significantly higher percent weight gain (990%) compared to that of red claw fed hay only (690%) but not different from TRT2 (796%) and TRT4 (893%). Feed conversion ratio of TRT2, TRT3, and TRT4 and percent survival among all treatments did not differ significantly (P > 0.05), averaging 2.85 and 66.8%, respectively. Total yield of red claw fed TRT3 and TRT4 (968 and 952 kg/ha) was significantly (P < 0.05) higher compared to that of red claw fed hay only (617 kg/ha) but did not differ from red claw fed TRT2 (882 kg/ha). Tail meat yield of male red claw in TRT3 was significantly (P < 0.05) higher (17.3 g) compared to that of male red claw in TRT1 (12.7 g) and TRT2 (14.9 g) but not significantly different (P > 0.05) from male red claw in TRT4 (16.9 g). Tail meat yield of female red claw in TRT3 and TRT4 was significantly (P < 0.05) higher (14.2 and 13.9 g, respectively) compared to that of female red claw in TRT1 (10.5 g) and TRT2 (10.4 g). Tail muscle proximate compositions showed no significant differences (P > 0.05) in protein (wet weight basis) between males and females among treatments (diet) which averaged 16.2 and 14.6%; however, there were little to no significant differences in fat and ash between males and females among treatments. Results from this study indicate that pond‐cultured red claw stocked at 27,170 red claw/ha can be fed a practical diet containing 13% protein, with or without forage (alfalfa hay), compared to red claw fed a complete diet containing 28% protein; however, if alfalfa hay is added to the pond at 500 kg/ha/mo as the sole source of added nutrients, growth is reduced. Therefore, the use of alfalfa hay, in combination with a low‐protein pelleted diet may be a production method for pond‐grown red claw that may reduce costs for producers and thereby increase profits.