Growth inhibition of Fusarium graminearum and reduction of deoxynivalenol production in wheat grain by bacillomycin D

Abstract

Fusarium graminearum causes Fusarium head blight, which leads to the quality and yield loss of wheat. In the present work, the inhibition effects of bacillomycin D (BD) on the growth of F. graminearum and reduction of deoxynivalenol (DON) production in wheat grain storage were investigated. The hyphal growth and sporulation of F. graminearum were restrained dramatically in the presence of 75 μg/mL BD, and the inhibition rate reached to 94.6% and 97.5%, respectively. Ultrastructural observation of the hyphae showed BD caused stripping of F. graminearum hyphal surface and destroying of the cellular structure. Furthermore, BD could lower the free fatty acid value and total antioxidant capacity and delay the decline of wheat quality, then exhibit an effective protection for wheat infection by F. graminearum. BD could effectively inhibit mold growth and DON production during wheat seeds storage, thus enhancing the quality and shelf life of the kernel. The addition of BD (75 μg/g wheat) remarkably inhibited the amount of F. graminearum growth, and reduced the DON production to 47.5–71.5%. These results indicated that BD might be a promising natural and effective fungicide, and would have potential for reducing mycotoxins in food and feed.