Abstract
The article presents a review of literary sources dedicated to the physiological role and functions of certain proteins of the TGFβ superfamily, specifically GDF11 and GDF8, as well as their place in the pathogenesis of several diseases whose risk increases with age. Possible therapeutic applications of these proteins are described. It is shown that the role of GDF11 in the pathogenesis of the described diseases is ambiguous. GDF11 is a previously unrecognized regulator of bone remodeling, prevents myocardial hypertrophy, and improves the condition of animals with experimental diabetes or neurodegeneration. The anti-proliferative action of GDF11 is also observed in many oncological diseases. However, GDF11 may have a negative impact on the metabolism of muscle and bone tissue, which may limit its use in certain conditions. Due to differences in the expression and function of GDF11 in cardiac, nervous, muscular, and other tissues, its divergent actions, and the narrow therapeutic range of recombinant GDF11, further research is needed to determine the optimal range of indications and limitations, dosages, and methods to reduce side effects.
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