Abstract
ABSTRACTA generalized lumped parameter ground‐water model is developed based on simultaneous water and solute balances for a phreatic aquifer. The basis for the lumped parameter approach is established by comparison with theoretical analyses of water and solute dynamics in a distributed aquifer model. The basic behavior of the model is characterized by two response times, one associated with the hydraulics and the other with the solute.The model is applied to simulate the impact of highway deicing salts on ground‐water quality in eastern Massachusetts. The results, obtained by digital computer simulation, are found to be in reasonable agreement with observed trends over a 15‐year period. The effects of various highway deicing alternatives are simulated and the dependence on the aquifer parameters is demonstrated.The application of this basin‐wide modeling technique to the case of highway deicing salts demonstrates that this procedure can provide a reasonable basis for long‐term evaluation of ground‐water pollution. With adequate data on the inputs and aquifer parameters for a given locality, this general technique can be used to guide regulatory procedures and land use decisions which can be applied at the local, regional or State level to protect ground‐water resources.
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