Abstract
Life cycle cost modeling of hydrogen production via Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) and Solid Oxide (SO) electrolysis and discharge via fuel cell combination is investigated for large grid scale baseload storage applications. The cost of hydrogen in $/kg and storage energy produced in $/kWh are compared for four cases. The high-end simulations assume parameters that are capable within the next five years and low-end cases represent post significant improvements in the cost and durability of the technologies in the next couple of decades. The levelized cost of gclose to commercialization scale (low-end) for PEM and SO electrolysis is calculated to be ~$1.6 per kg. Levelized cost of energy (LCOE) calculations with this cost of hydrogen coupled with fuel cells is ~$0.10 per kWh. These values compare favorably to future flow battery potential where an LCOE of ~$0.09 per kWh is possible.
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