Abstract
In this paper, the effects of geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) are modeled via an injection of very low frequency alternating currents into the neutral of grounded star winding transformers. The method allows for a decoupled parameter studies with an external precomputation of the GICs and an easy integration of GICs into a power system simulation software using Matlab, Python and PSCAD/EMTDC. This GIC simulation method is validated on a test transmission grid and the behavior of the entire power system during a geomagnetic disturbance is investigated. Violations of parameter limits in the power system are shown under the influence of a real geomagnetic storm. The role of generator excitation control in mitigating the effects of voltage collapse during a geomagnetic disturbance is explored. The results obtained indicates that through generator excitation control, localized voltage drop can be reduced by up to 10%. Furthermore, the lagging grid reactive power response to GICs owing in part to the grid time response is demonstrated in this paper.
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