Abstract
Colored titanium oxides are usually unstable in the atmosphere. Herein, a gray rutile titanium dioxide is synthesized by two-step calcination successively in a high-temperature reduction atmosphere and in a lower-temperature air atmosphere. The as-synthesized gray rutile TiO2 exhibits higher photocatalytic activity than that of white rutile TiO2 and shows high chemical stability. This is attributed to interior oxygen vacancies, which can improve the separation and transmission efficiency of the photogenerated carriers. Most notably, a formed surface passivation layer will protect the interior oxygen vacancies and provide long-term photocatalytic activity.
Highlights
Among titanium oxides, TiO2 is well investigated in the photocatalysis research field because of its high chemical stability, low cost, and nontoxicity [1]
TiO2 nanotubes synthesized via the electrochemical anodization of titanium foil exhibited visible light response characteristics for the photodecomposition of formaldehyde [8]
A black TiO2 with a strong absorption of visible light was synthesized via a high-temperature hydrogenation reduction of P25 TiO2 by Chen et al The obtained higher photoactivity of the black TiO2 was attributed to the reduced band gap of titanium dioxide caused by the generation of the surface disordered structure [11]
Summary
TiO2 is well investigated in the photocatalysis research field because of its high chemical stability, low cost, and nontoxicity [1]. A black TiO2 with a strong absorption of visible light was synthesized via a high-temperature hydrogenation reduction of P25 TiO2 by Chen et al The obtained higher photoactivity of the black TiO2 was attributed to the reduced band gap of titanium dioxide caused by the generation of the surface disordered structure [11]. Another kind of simple method to produce colored TiO2 is the addition of fluorine species during TiO2 preparation [12,13]. The formed surface passivation layer will protect the interior oxygen vacancies and provide long-term photocatalytic activity
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