Abstract
Increasing consumption, changing nature of loads and the need to reduce carbon emission are some of the factors threatening electricity grid stability and reliability. Demand side management programs mainly work by shifting consumption from peak to off-peak period, which inconveniences some consumers and possibly creates a new peak (Reverse Peak) in off-peak hours. Growing use of Photovoltaic solar power in residences provides an opportunity to manage grid reliability and stability in a more flexible manner, and mitigates reverse peaks. We propose a community based scheduling algorithm that guarantees access to shared power capacity and integrates residences’ solar power into the grid. Results indicate peak demand can be reduced by up to 32.1%, while energy costs can be reduced by up to 14.0%. Furthermore, coordinated discharging can mitigate reverse peaks by up to 23.4%. Encouraging and integrating green energy generation and storage in the consumer side is crucial to grid stability and reliability.
Highlights
Traditional Electric Grids are characterized by centralized generation plants, vertically integrated utilities and supply side management of electricity
Demand side management programs mainly work by shifting consumption from peak to off-peak period, which inconveniences some consumers and possibly creates a new peak (Reverse Peak) in off-peak hours
We propose a green-aware token based scheduling algorithm that seeks to reduce energy cost of the consumers depending on their comfort settings regarding maximum waiting time of appliances
Summary
Traditional Electric Grids are characterized by centralized generation plants, vertically integrated utilities and supply side management of electricity. It is likely that consumers will be resistant to these changes because of fear of the unknown and privacy Factors such as decreasing cost of smart meters and smart appliances, improving access to communication infrastructures and increasing awareness about electricity management means there is a good chance of changes to be embraced by both consumers and utilities [6]. Of main interest to smart grid is DSM of electricity, which provides an opportunity for consumers to respond to various signals from utility companies aimed at ensuring grid stability and reliability [7]. We propose a token based green-aware community scheduling program with coordinated storage charging and discharging, aiming at reducing energy cost while taking consumer comfort into account and mitigating reverse peaks.
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