Green Synthesis of CeO2 Nanoparticles from the Abelmoschus esculentus Extract: Evaluation of Antioxidant, Anticancer, Antibacterial, and Wound-Healing Activities.

Hafiz Ejaz Ahmed,W. A. Farooq,Muhammad Hammad Aziz,Muhammad Atif,Zahida Batool,Hijaz Ahmad,Shafiq Ahmad,Nafeesah Yaqub,Atif Hanif,Amanullah Fatehmulla,Yasir Iqbal

doi:10.3390/molecules26154659

Abstract

Metal oxide nanoparticles synthesized by the biological method represent the most recent research in nanotechnology. This study reports the rapid and ecofriendly approach for the synthesis of CeO2 nanoparticles mediated using the Abelmoschus esculentus extract. The medicinal plant extract acts as both a reducing and stabilizing agent. The characterization of CeO2 NPs was performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The in vitro cytotoxicity of green synthesized CeO2 was assessed against cervical cancerous cells (HeLa). The exposure of CeO2 to HeLa cells at 10–125 µg/mL caused a loss in cellular viability against cervical cancerous cells in a dose-dependent manner. The antibacterial activity of the CeO2 was assessed against S. aureus and K. pneumonia. A significant improvement in wound-healing progression was observed when cerium oxide nanoparticles were incorporated into the chitosan hydrogel membrane as a wound dressing.

Highlights

Nanobiotechnology is an advanced and emerging field of science and technology consist of metals and metal oxides at the nano range
Strong and sharp diffraction peak revealed the crystalline nature of CeO2 nanoparticles
X-Ray Diffraction Analysis strong and sharp diffraction peak revealed the crystalline nature of CeO2 nanoparticles

Summary

Introduction

Nanobiotechnology is an advanced and emerging field of science and technology consist of metals and metal oxides at the nano range. Nanobiotechnology has many applications, especially in the biomedical field [1,2,3]. CeO2 nanoparticles (NPs) have attained significant consideration in nanomedicine because of their promising applications in drug delivery, catalysis, biosensing, and medicine. CeO2 nanoparticles are relatively stable, have exceptional biocompatibility with little or no toxicity, low cost, and are environmentally friendly [4]. Cerium has two oxidation states, e.g., tetravalent (Ce4+ ) and trivalent (Ce3+ ). Cerium oxide exists as two different oxides ((i.e., Ce2 O3 (Ce3+ )

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