Abstract
Abstract Social scientists are engaged in debates over whether “green consumerism” offers a genuine pathway toward environmental sustainability, or whether instead it prevents widespread social and institutional change. This entry explores three broad positions assumed by social scientists within this debate: ecological modernization, demodernization, and political consumerism. Ecological modernization theory argues that consumer practices can evolve toward being aligned with environmental interests. Demodernists, on the other hand, call for consumerism to be abandoned as a means of achieving environmental sustainability. Somewhere in between these two positions, proponents of political consumerism see consumer practices as playing an important role within broader institutional and social change.
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