Abstract
This study presents a novel application of the gravitational search algorithm (GSA) to optimally control a wave energy conversion (WEC) system under different operating conditions. In the WEC system, the generator side converter controls the d-axis and q-axis current of the generator for minimising the generator power losses and extracting the maximum real power from the WEC system, respectively. The DC–DC converter is implemented to maintain the terminal voltage of the DC microgrid. The control of both converters relies on the proportional–integral controllers, which are optimally designed by the GSA through a simulation-based optimisation approach. In that manner, the integral of squared error criteria is used as an objective function. The validity of the WEC system model is verified by comparing its simulation results with the experimental results that extracted from a field test. The effectiveness of the proposed controller is tested when the system is subjected to different operating conditions such as a DC microgrid load disturbance, a temporary DC fault condition, and an irregular wave condition. Moreover, the effectiveness of the proposed controller is compared with that by using the genetic algorithm. The simulation results of the system are extensively carried out using PSCAD/EMTDC program.
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