Abstract
The novel approach of this paper describes the suppression of grating lobe level with the element count optimization in planar antenna array. Rectangular lattice (RL) and triangular lattice (TL) structures are chosen for determining the achievable array element patterns (EP) and further suppressing the grating lobe level. The element spacing and number of elements (10 × 20 array) are taken into account for particular lattice. Grating lobe peaks are observed for the 200-element planar array at maximum scan angle (θ) with the set frequency of 3 GHz. Further, it is found that 14°; bore sight elevation of rectangular lattice produces a transformed field of view, which permits a reduction in element count of 20.39% compared with 10° bore sight elevation. Finally, the typical values of elevation, element count and array size (25 cm2) are trained using artificial neural network (ANN) algorithm and element count is predicted after testing the network. The network shows a high success rate.
Highlights
Planar antenna array design with operational bandwidths would result in benefits such as the ability to use a single array for wideband or widely separated signals and the ability to share a common aperture for multiple functions
Artificial Neural Network is used for this problem in optimizing the element count taking in to account the grating lobe level for a given array area and variation of bore sight elevation from 10 ̊ to 40 ̊ with a step of 2 ̊
Different values of inter element spacing of planar array elements considered in order to control the grating lobe levels
Summary
Planar antenna array design with operational bandwidths would result in benefits such as the ability to use a single array for wideband or widely separated signals and the ability to share a common aperture for multiple functions. Significant analytical and empirical effort is usually required in order to design wideband arrays. This is in part due to grating lobe between array elements, which complicates the array design. (2015) Grating Lobe Suppression with Element Count Optimization in Planar Antenna Array. To avoid the formation of high grating lobes, element spacing is limited to less than 1λ0 for broadside beam design and less than 0.6λ0 for a wide-angle scanned beam. The grating lobes of a planar array antenna are conveniently shown in the projection coordinates space as given in Equation (1), by making use of the direction cosines u and v, where.
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