Abstract

The close emulation of synaptic plasticity in a nanosized memristive system using a single functional layer is crucial for high-performance neuromorphic computing. Here, we investigate a novel and adaptive approach to constructing a single layer-based nanosized synaptic emulator. The top surface of a reactive Ti metal layer is selectively transformed into an ultra-thin oxide functional layer (TiOx) by adding the oxygen in a controlled manner using a plasma fireball-based low-energy ion implanter to fabricate the device. Composition gradient-based oxygen vacancy distribution produced in the active layer and their dynamics for driving bias voltage exhibit conductivity modulation. Fundamental and essential characteristics of bio-synapse, such as long-term potentiation and depression and spike rate-dependent synaptic plasticity, are confirmed at the nanoscale by employing conductive atomic force microscopy. The synaptic weight reversal in the advanced Bienenstock-Cooper-Munro learning rule is demonstrated to satisfy the need to assemble nanosized artificial synapses that mimic the various bio-functions approximately. The forming-free ability and low operating current of the device evident their potential in building power-efficient neuromorphic systems. Benefiting from the simple and cheap fabrication method of the device and excellent emulation of bio-synaptic functions offers a robust path to develop the high-performance neuromorphic architecture.

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