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Abstract
ABSTRACT Ammonia pretreatment is used in cyanidation of Carlin-type gold ore – Zarshouran, Iran. This process employs various additives, such as ammonia and sodium chloride, alongside heating and aeration, to facilitate the alkaline treatment of sulfides and arsenic minerals. It has been reported by plant operators, the concentration of gold in the pulp decreases following the ammonia pre-treatment process. The detrimental effect is ascribed to the role of ammonia in the preg-robbing tendencies of the gold ore. The test results demonstrate that the preg-robbing potential remains almost unchanged following ammonia pre-treatment. Nevertheless, investigation of the samples before and after the pre-treatment process indicated that the co-precipitation of gold cyanide with iron (3.77%) and magnesium (30.36%) hydroxides, is responsible for gold loss in the pre-treated ore (9.6 vs. 18.4 PR% in 24 hours). The intensification of gold preg-robbing after pretreatment with potassium permanganate (58.8% vs. 18.4%) determined the organic carbon of the sample as graphitic or non-crystalline elemental carbon, in correlation with carbon characterisation results. It was also confirmed that co-precipitation mechanism was effective in the loss of dissolved gold. The treatment with fuel reduced the amount of gold preg-robbing significantly (4.2%).
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