Going beyond formal governance: indigenous social structure as a mediator of Pentahelix collaboration in the development of community-based cultural tourism, typical of the Indonesian Tengger Tribe

Leadership in tourism villages that implement community-based tourism governance presents distinct challenges compared to company leadership. Tourism village leaders often encounter complex socio-cultural issues and conflicts, so leadership strategies and approaches are required to align with the local community's character and values. The research focuses on applying leadership that prioritizes local wisdom in community-based tourism management in tourism villages. The research method employed is qualitative, utilizing a grounded theory approach. The approach is used to dig the data from nine informants or participants. The participants in this research include heads of tourism villages who have successfully managed their villages for more than five years. The research results indicate that: (1) leadership based on local community wisdom values is a key element in ensuring the successful management and development of tourism villages. Effective leaders can mobilize and motivate the community, shift the mindsets, accommodate the volunteers, and optimize the community's social role. This leadership fosters a sustainable tourism village, positively impacting the economy and community welfare. (2) An inclusive, participative and deliberation-oriented approach becomes the leadership characteristic which prioritizes local wisdom values. This approach unites the community's vision and mission, listens to and accommodates aspirations, makes decisions democratically, and organizes active community participation effectively. (3) The success of leadership based on local wisdom values is measured not only by financial achievements but also by the ability to enhance community happiness, preserve the environment, ensure active community participation, and achieve predetermined goals. (4)The leadership model which prioritizes local wisdom values reflects a holistic and sustainable approach in tourism management. Local values and community participation are considered as the key success factors. This leadership illustrates the commitment to maintaining the local identity while creating sustainable benefits for the community and the surrounding environment.

Sampyong is a martial art that combines physical strength and dance elements. In the early period of its growth, sampyong functioned to find a champion or leader. Over time, sampyong is more likely to act as a show in the context of a wedding or circumcision. Lately sampyong has rarely been shown so that the younger generation doesn't know it anymore. Therefore, resocialization efforts are needed in the form of revitalizing the show so as to attract more interest in the younger generation. This study aims to explore the values of local wisdom from various components, both from non-language components and language components. To explore the values of local wisdom contained in the sampyong martial art, a hermeneutic approach is used. From the non-functional components found values of local wisdom preservation and cultural creativity, management of gender, education, discipline and health. From the linguistic component found values of local wisdom honesty, education, gender management, harmony and conflict resolution, and politeness. The values of local wisdom that are found cover the values of local wisdom that aim for peace: (values of local wisdom honesty, harmony and resolution of conflict, and politeness) and local wisdom aimed at welfare: (values of local wisdom preservation cultural creativity, management of gender, education, discipline, and health). The existence of these values of local wisdom can be used as a basis for the inheritance of this performing art to the younger generation as the heirs of their ancestral traditions.

The development of a village into a sustainable tourism village is expected to be able to optimally meet cultural sustainability indicators. To realize cultural sustainability in the development of tourism villages in Bali, there are still challenges in strengthening culture such as the dynamics of authenticity and commodification, tourism political domination and hegemony, as well as strengthening traditional institutions. In order to increase the competitiveness of tourism, especially from the pillar of sustainable tourism villages, aspects of authenticity and commodification can increase their contribution to the local and national economy through the implementation of internationalization, traditionalization, and sacred versus profane; aspects of tourism political domination and hegemony through the implementation of policies related to the development of tourism villages; and aspects of strengthening traditional institutions through involving all levels of village society and community institutions in the village in relation to supporting the development of culture-based tourism villages, as well as revitalizing groups (sekaha-sekaha) that produce creative work to strengthen the development of tourism products in tourism villages and strengthen the image of a tourism village.

This study examined and identified the characteristics of local wisdom values in the content material contained in the Regional Regulation of Bali province and Aceh Special region on Regional Spatial Plan, local wisdom values outlined in the RTRW Regulation are values that are believed by local communities in behaving within the community. This research will find a correlation of local wisdom values set forth in the RTRW Regulation with the level of Obedience in implementing existing rules. This study uses normative legal research normative legal research because this research will inventory the values of local wisdom contained in the content material. The results of the study can be described as follows that the values of local wisdom in Bali have characteristics when viewed from several aspects such as aspects of orientation, partisanship, respect for human rights, implementation of management and Good Governance found the value of local wisdom, among others: conservation or maintenance oriented, on aspects of partisanship of spatial arrangement in favor of the community or karama by protecting nature and the environment. From damage and pollution, on the aspect of human rights protection of spatial regulations has accommodated the value of wisdom that respects human rights, Tat Twam Asi . The Aceh RTRW Regulation has not accommodated the local wisdom of structuring the space of the residential area and providing protection for mukim management areas from development activities and exploitative projects damaging and threatening people's livelihoods and potentially causing disasters. This is because the legal political power owned by the Mukim community has not been able to influence policies related to spatial arrangements, even though many values of local wisdom can be used as guidelines in spatial arrangement in Aceh, related to respect, protection and fulfillment of rights to the community in providing welfare. Keywords: Values of local wisdom, Characteristic, Legal politic. DOI: 10.7176/JLPG/116-05 Publication date: December 31 st 2021

Wintaos Girimulyo Village, Panggang Gunung Kidul, has local wisdom values that are typical in various aspects of their lives. But now the villagers of Wintaos have to fight against the globalization of the demands of the times that make them have to change their lifestyle more in line with the needs that are increasingly increasing. The values of local wisdom that they used to begin to shift along with the changing patterns of their lives which increasingly get the demands of necessity. Through this research, researchers want to investigate the values of the local wisdom of the Wintaos village community, especially in the aspect of marriage life. The method of collecting data is through the dept interview with two community leaders in the village of Wintaos. The research method uses qualitative methods with an explanatory approach to reveal the values of local wisdom in the community. Furthermore, the discovery of the values of local wisdom is analyzed and generalized into wise attitudes and soft skills as an alternative to living a married life. The results showed that the values of the local wisdom of Wintaos village could be soft skills education as an alternative way of living a prosperous marriage life

ABSTRACT
 The purpose of this research is to find the model of traditional tourism governance format so that it can be used as a benchmark in the development of village tourism or sustainable hamlet tourism by re-arranging regulations based on local wisdom that support traditional tourism. Another objective is to evaluate and refine the implementation of village regulations that have been developed and implemented in the village tourism domain to determine the extent of their implications on improving the economy of people in tourist villages. This paper is authored using a qualitative approach with the orientation of literature study as an employed strategy in this study. The literature study is used in social research methodologies to trace historical data, as is found in this study.
 The results showed that the development of rural tourism is able to minimize the potential of urbanization from rural to urban society caused by the ability of local people to create economic activities based on tourism activities (tourism economy) in rural areas. The productive power of local potentials, including the potentials of rural areas, can be encouraged to grow and develop by utilizing the resources owned by the village, so that it can be an effective instrument in encouraging the development of socio-cultural and economic fields of rural communities. Furthermore, efforts will be encouraged to conserve and empower the potential of local culture and local wisdom values ​​that tend to be threatened with extinction due to the heavily globalized currents that have entered rural areas. In the development of a tourist village, certain guidelines are needed so that the impact of the development of tourism activities in each rural area can be controlled. The guidelines are expected to encourage the development and management of tourist villages to be more focused, planned, and sustainable. Besides, the tourist village will be supported by all parties and it will provide significant benefits for all villagers through tourism village-based economic growth and development. 
 
 Keywords: tourism village, sustainable tourism development, economic empowerment, local wisdom.

The area of ​​Paledah Village, Padaherang District, Pangandaran Regency is very potential to be developed. This village has interesting natural characteristics, unique social and cultural life. This potential must be encouraged and developed in accordance with the socio-cultural characteristics of the community. The development of community-based tourism is a strategic effort to build the community. Rural tourism development is a long-term and potential investment for the government because human resources and natural resources are available. The purpose of this study was to find out the development of tourism villages based on local wisdom, especially related to the concept of criteria for tourism villages in Paledah village. This study uses a qualitative approach. The process of collecting data used were interviews, observation, Forum Group Discussion (FGD), and literature review. The data analysis technique in this study was descriptive with the stages of data reduction and presentation as well as composing the conclusions. Validity and reliability tests were carried out through a triangulation process. The informants in this study were the government, tourism village communities, and tourism developers which totally 9 (nine) people. The results of the study indicate that the values ​​of local wisdom in the development of agro tourism villages in Pangandaran Regency are contained in organizational principles. There are three main principles of organization, namely voluntary and opened-membership, democracy-based management, and independence. Village tourism criteria include attraction, accessibility, public facilities and tourist facilities, community empowerment, and marketing or promotion. Based of the five criteria for tourism villages in Paledah village, only two that have been running optimally, namely tourist attraction and community empowerment, while the other three criteria still have problems.

The desire of the community to obtain the entertainment and also getting new knowledge is a great opportunity for the development of educational tourism villages. This opportunity occurs because of the saturation in education development in the room. However, in the development of tourism villages we must give attention to the aspects of social life, culture, and livelihoods of rural communities. The purpose of the research is to find out the strategies for the development of educational villages based on the potential of tourism products. This study uses qualitative methods with a case study approach. The process of collecting data used is interviews, observation, F G D, and literature. Descriptive data analysis techniques with stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. Test Validity and reliability through the source triangulation process. Informants in this study were the government (3 people), community leaders and religion (5 people), and village tourism managers (5 people). The number of respondents is 13 people. The results of the study show that the development model of educational tourism villages in Cibodas Village has six strategies, namely (a) increasing active community participation in the development of tourism villages (b) the development of distinctive tourism villages based on the natural, social and cultural potential of the local community; (c) capacity building of community institutions as tourism village management institutions (d) development of tourism promotion media; (e) improvement of human resources through structured and organized education and training programs; (f) mentoring carried out in a structured manner from the relevant institution / agency.

This study aims to reveal the values of local wisdom of Ronggeng Sakabek Arek Art in the Simpang Timbo Abu Preparatory Kenagarian, Talamau District, West Pasaman Regency, by using the theory of local wisdom values and the theory of performing arts. This research employed qualitative research using descriptive analytical methods. The main instrument is the researcher himself with primary and secondary data types. Data collection techniques are library reviews, observation, interviews and documentation. The object of research is the Ronggeng Sakabek Arek Art in the Kenagarian Preparation of “Simpang Timbo Abu”, Talamau District, West Pasaman. It found that the Ronggeng Sakabek Arek Art was performed at three events, namely (a) the values of local wisdom contained in the Ronggeng Arts Youth Event, (1) the religious values in which the time of Ronggeng art was held after Isya Prayers, ( 2) the moral value of love for Ronggeng art by teaching Ronggeng art to the community even though it is not part of the Ronggeng Sakabek Arek art group, (3) ethical and moral values, before the implementation of Ronggeng art first ask permission from Niniak Mamak and other traditional leaders. (b) The values of local wisdom found in the Ronggeng Art Show at the mamasak night, (1) the religious values at which the Ronggeng art is held after the Isya prayer, (2) the social values to entertain and accompany tired working mothers in the kitchen preparing food for the wedding the next day and feeling love for Ronggeng art by means of the Ronggeng players giving opportunities to children and people who are not members of the Ronggeng Sakabek Arek art group to appear on stage. (c) The values of local wisdom contained in the Ronggeng performance at Aghak-aghak or marapulai processions in the Baralek event are social values, namely the number of families participating in delivering marapulai to the house of the dagho child or bride, as well as for the Ronggeng players. They are willing to take the time to accompany “marapulai” to the house of dagho children.Keywords: the value of local wisdom, show, art Ronggeng

The development of tourism or tourist villages cannot be separated from the contribution of the community through tourism awareness groups with various roles they carry out by existing needs and conditions. This study aimed to examine the existence, role, impact, and barriers of the Kelompok Sadar Wisata (Pokdarwis) Capung Alas in the development of a tourism village under the principle of Community Based Tourism (CBT) in Pujon Kidul Village before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study employed a qualitative method through observations, interviews, and literature reviews. Findings confirmed that (1) the existence of Pokdarwis Capung Alas could be seen from several forms of development, (2) its role was in providing training and community empowerment programs that helped to improve the economy and welfare of the community, and (3) the main barriers it faced were the limited human resource skills, development exploration, expansion, group or tourism management, and the Covid-19 pandemic.

Tourism contributes much to the economy of Indonesia. As such, the government supports tourism development and encourages local governments to develop local potential, including rural tourism. Indonesia holds immense potential for rural tourism since the country has many villages with abundant resources for tourism. The development of tourist villages cannot be separated from rural tourism, an alternative for tourism in recent years amid the new trend of sustainable tourism. Tourists these days care much about environment conservation, community empowerment, and local culture. The development of tourist villages cannot be separated from the participation of the local community. However, problems arise in the development of tourist villages. Dusun Losawi also faces difficulties in developing itself as Kampung Dolanan. Although Kampung Dolanan has existed for four years, it has not benefited the local people. One solution to solve the problem is community empowerment through Community-Based Tourism (CBT). As a first step to identify the issues and formulate solutions in Kampung Dolanan, the community service team conducted field surveys and FGDs with Pokdarwis. The results were solutions in three main areas: (1) human resources—improvement of human resource quality through mindset training and comparative studies; (2) infrastructure sector—improvement through landmark construction, traditional toys provision, and land rental assistance; and (3) marketing communication—improvement through photography training, social media communication training, rural tourism marketing, and brand management. The activities carried out in the current program of Doktor Mengabdi were field surveys, FGDs, program proposals, mindset training, traditional toys provision, and preparation for other activities in September 2020.

: Implementation of Character Education Through Local Wisdom Values in SD Taman Siswa Jetis Yogyakarta . Research Grants Kopertis Region V. Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa University. This study aims to: ( 1) Determine the implementation of character education through the values of local wisdom in SD Taman Siswa Jetis Yogyakarta, ( 2 ) determine the obstacles in the implementation of character education through the values of local wisdom in SD Taman Siswa Jetis Yogyakarta, and ( 3) to identify a solution to solve bottlenecks in the implementation of character education through the values of local wisdom in SD Taman Siswa Jetis Yogyakarta. This study used qualitative methods. To collect the data the researchers used a technique -depth interviews and direct observation techniques . Step-by- step analysis of the data using the model of Miles and Huberman , namely the presentation of data , data reduction , and confirmation, while the data validity tests include tests of internal validity , external validity , reliability, and objectivity. The results showed that the implementation of character education through the values of local wisdom in SD Taman Siswa Jetis realized in the form of learning related to local cultures, such as dance, musical, artistic painting or drawing, and learning the Java language. Besides, in the form of classroom learning, the implementation of the values of local wisdom was also done in the form of habits in school, such as 5S (smiles, greetings, greetings, manners). Barriers in implementing character education through the values of local wisdom is in addition to the factors advances in information technology that is misused by learners, family factors that less supervise the behavior of learners and communities that do not support the achievement of the goal of character education also influences, while a factor of teacher is teacher competence is lacking, especially new teachers in implementing the values of local wisdom. The solution to solve bottlenecks in the implementation of character education through the values of local wisdom is that by establishing a qualified teacher and professional manner to include teachers in professional training at local and national levels and to improve synergy between schools, families, and communities.

The development of tourist village is a government policy that is expected to improve the economy of the community, expanding the employment vacancies, alleviating poverty. Expanding the employment vacancies that lead to improve the welfare of rural communities. The purpose of this study is to determine the perception and participation of local people in Paksebali in the development of smart eco-village destination in the tourist village of Paksebali, Dawan subdistrict, Klungkung regency. The approach is done by distributing to 30 respondents (Purposive sampling).The collected data were primary and secondary data with the techniques are observation, interview and documentation. The collected data were then analyzed by qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of this study shows that the public perception of the development of smart eco-village Paksebali tourist village is the the public generally has known about the development of tourist villages. The community very agree and support by implementing the sapta pesona (seven ways of enchantment). People hope that the development of tourist village can promote the village and improve the welfare of their life. Community participation in the development of tourist village is done started from planning, developing facilities and infrastructure, managing, and monitoring and evaluation.

The problem in this research is the value of local wisdom in the ande-ande moss folklore, view of life and science and various life strategies in the form of activities carried out by local communities in answering various problems in meeting needs. This study aims to solve the problem of describing the value of local genius local wisdom in the ande-ande moss folklore. The approach used is a qualitative approach using a structural theory approach. The results of this study indicate that the ande-ande moss folklore has the value of local genius wisdom including: discipline, self-control, positive thinking, love, compassion, and toughness

The development of a tourist village is one way to alleviate poverty in rural areas, especially in Dieng Kulon Village, Banjarnegara Regency, Central Java Province. This tourist village is following rural communities' characteristics because it has a community-based tourism development strategy. The community must play an active role in the tourist village's efforts to improve welfare with its potential and capabilities. The development of tourist villages has resulted in a phenomenon, namely that not all tourist villages are developing rapidly. This phenomenon also occurs in Dieng Kulon Banjarnegara, even though Dieng Kulon Village in the Dieng Plateau has the same culture, tourism potential, and social potential of its people. This study aims to explore the potential for community-based tourism in the village of Dieng Kulon, Banjarnegara. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. In this study, Respondents were village heads, heads of farmer groups, community leaders, and community activists of tourism. This research shows that tourism in Dieng Kulon Village has the potential to be developed through CBT. Potential tourist attractions that can be featured in Dieng Kulon village are natural tourism, cultural tourism, and culinary tourism.