God’s Army of Securitization

#FreeBritney and the Pleasures of Conspiracy

“Conspiracy theory”: The case for being critically receptive

Creating Conspiracy Beliefs: How Our Thoughts Are Shaped

Recent legislation mandating reporting of undocumented immigrants may instill fear of discovery when they access emergency department (ED) services. The objectives of this study were to: 1) characterize the knowledge and beliefs of undocumented Latino immigrants (UDLI) about health care workers' reporting (or nonreporting) of illegal immigrants in the ED, 2) determine whether UDLI fear discovery when presenting to the ED, and 3) determine the nature and sources of this fear. This was a cross-sectional study of UDLI and two comparison groups conducted in two California county EDs, from November 2009 to August 2010. The authors interviewed a convenience sample of adult UDLI, Latino legal residents (LLR), and non-Latino legal residents (NLLR) using a structured instrument in their native language. The main outcome was fear of discovery among UDLI and the sources of that fear. Of 1,224 patients approached, 1,007 (82.3%) were interviewed: 314 UDLI, 373 LLR, and 320 NLLR. The median age was 43 years (interquartile range [IQR] = 31 to 55 years), and 51% were male. UDLIs were less likely to speak English (14%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 10% to 18%), have health insurance (39%, 95% CI 32% to 44%), or have a regular primary care provider (PCP; 39%, 95% CI = 34% to 45%), compared to LLR (English 56%, 95% CI = 51% to 61%; health insurance 50%, 95% CI = 45% to 55%; regular PCP 51%, 95% = CI 46% to 57%) and NLLR (English 95%, 95% CI = 92% to 97%; health insurance 49%, 95% CI = 43% to 54%; regular PCP 51%, 95% CI = 45% to 56%). Of the 16% of UDLI who stated that nurses and doctors treat undocumented immigrant patients differently than citizens, 41% (95% CI = 29% to 54%) reported less respect given to UDLI by staff. Thirty-two percent of UDLI had heard of Proposition 187, 13% believed hospital staff reported UDLI to immigration authorities, and 9% said they were asked about their citizenship status. Fear of coming to the hospital because of discovery was expressed by 12% (95% CI = 9% to 16%) of UDLI, with 42% (95% CI = 28% to 58%) citing discussions with friends/family, 32% (95% CI = 19% to 47%) citing media and 16% (95% CI = 7% to 30%) citing both as sources of this fear. One in eight of UDLI presenting to the ED express fear of discovery and consequent deportation. Belief that medical staff report UDLI and recent immigration are risk factors for this fear. Family, friends, and media are the primary sources of these concerns.

Solace in Social Media: Women Unite Under COVID-19

The research is dealt with critical discourse analysis on the politicians' social media posts which is mainly aimed to Investigate the hoax phenomenon especially the content of politicians on the social media posts. The data of the research is taken from the politician status social media through downloading the the pictures, reading the content of pictures carefully, analyzing the hoax posts by using Lynda Walsh (2006), select and identify the hoax posts phenomenon of the politicians' social media posts and to make the data be stronger, the researcher also did an interview with some people and it is acknowledged that the hoax phenomenon of the politicians' social media posts has brought the anxiety in the society life in approaching the presidential election 2019. It has many the power of context that made the society believed on it and to critical the case it is used the theory of Van Djik's framework 1988 and 2001 that focus critical discourse as language, ideology and power.The conclusion of this research is there were many various impacts and the influences toward the society who do not understand in choosing which is a hoax news or a fact news on the social media because in all the pictures of the hoax posts that the researcher put on this thesis, it has proved based on interviewing some people and it has declared by communication and technology that the hoax posts phenomenon that has shared by the society and the politician is really problematic towards the irrational people.

“We Will Die as Free People”

This study incorporates moral panics as a lens for investigating discussions in US news reports and on social media surrounding anti-transgender youth sports legislation. A total of 210 newspaper articles and 6,405 Twitter posts from January 2022 through November 2022 were analyzed to highlight the proportion of content that incorporated moral panic elements of concern, hostility, consensus, and disproportionality within the discussion. While the frames advanced on the two platforms largely mirrored one another, social media posts were more likely to incorporate aspects of moral panic escalation (concern and hostility) than were news reports. Escalation elements stayed high on both platforms over the course of time. Pro-ban protests significantly rose on social media while equity/fairness arguments cross-state comparisons diminished as content moved closer to election day.

BackgroundA high burden of physical, mental, and occupational health problems among migrant workers has been well-documented, but data on undocumented migrant workers are limited and their well-being has rarely been compared to that of the general population.MethodsUsing data from a cross-sectional survey of non-professional migrant workers in South Korea in early 2021, we described their physical, psychological, social well-being and health behaviors across a wide range of outcomes, including self-rated health, occupational injury, cigarette smoking, heavy alcohol consumption, meal pattern, happiness, mental illness, social support, and social participation. The outcomes were first compared between documented and undocumented migrant workers in generalized linear regressions adjusting for potential confounders. Then, the well-being of the migrant workers was compared against that of the general population using data from the Korean Happiness Survey, which is a nationally representative survey of the South Korean general population conducted in late 2020. The parametric g-formula was performed to adjust for potential confounders.ResultsAfter adjusting for potential confounders, the undocumented migrant workers were less likely to be happy or participate in social communities, and much more likely to have anxiety or depression, smoke cigarettes, or engage in heavy alcohol consumption than the documented migrant workers. When compared to the general South Korean population, an evident social gradient emerged for happiness and mental illness; the undocumented experienced the worst outcome, followed by the documented, and then the general population. Also, the undocumented migrant workers were more likely to smoke cigarettes than the general population.ConclusionThe undocumented migrant workers face considerably greater challenges in terms of mental health and happiness, demonstrate higher rates of risky health behaviors such as smoking and heavy drinking, and experience a lack of social support and community integration. A stark social gradient in happiness, mental illness, and cigarette smoking exists among the documented, undocumented migrant workers and the general population in South Korea. Socio-structural factors are likely to play a crucial role in contributing to the suboptimal level of overall well-being of undocumented migrant workers. Policy-level interventions as well as interpersonal efforts are in urgent need.

Conspiracy

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This paper delves into the rationales as to why Indonesian migrant workers (mainly those who own private Korean language courses) like to use code mixing. They tend to add or insert Korean language either in Hangeul or its transliterated versions onto their social media posts, Facebook in particular. The fact that they are basically returned migrant workers with no formal background of Korean language education and the fact that they do this code (language) mixing so often has motivated the researcher to explore this phenomenon further. Online data gathering and online interviews with 4 respondents were conducted and 33 tokens of code-mixing and code switching were collected. This research attempts to reveal whether they want to show their particular identity as returned migrant workers who are different from the rest or they are simply a marketing gimmick for their business. The goal of the research is to determine the relationship between the use of the Korean language and the identities these returned migrant workers from Korea opt to project, the options being: identity as a returned migrant worker, identity as an owner of LPK (Korean Language Training Center), or other identities that can be revealed through this research. The research indicates that despite the fact that there are equivalent words or phrases in Indonesian, they do code mixing to emphasize that Korean words are sometimes more appropriate in certain contexts to express something they feel or think. Second, they do code-mixing to show their closeness to Korea and their breadth of knowledge about Korea. Third, they do code mixing as a way to show their academic background. Hence, a special identity to perpetuate an image of themselves as a returned migrant worker who is now an entrepreneur managing Korean language institutions as well as being a teacher.

The relation between esotericism and conspiracy theory takes many forms. However, the scholarly literature has focused mainly on conspiracy theories about esoteric societies. This is understandable. Leafing through the literature of conspiracy culture one may often be struck by the prominence given to esoteric societies in these alternative versions of history. Many websites of conspiracy theory pay an enormous amount of attention to “occult” groups, some imaginary, others well known. Seemingly small and powerless societies like the Ordo Templi Orientis may be presented as the polar opposite. Societies long defunct according to academic historiography may be presented as driving forces in history, the crowning example being the Bavarian secret society Illuminati, theories about which have grown only more expansive since the order's demise in the 1780s. Such theories are often viewed as quaint expressions of fundamentalist outrage against unorthodox and largely unknown expressions of religion. They may, however, be related to more than fundamentalisms and become anything but quaint. Both recently, such as during the Satanism scare, and more distantly, in the aftermath of the French Revolution, conspiratorial versions of history and society have acquired prominence. In such cases fear and outrage may reach the level of moral panic. These occasions of collective action have “mainstreamed” certain theories for a limited period of time, and have sparked both public and academic interest in conspiracy theories about esoteric societies. This is why we know so much, relatively speaking, about them.

Pandemics, Power, and Conspiracy Theories

Conspiracy Theories, Mistrust Take Root During Pandemic