Abstract
Functional disorders are common, with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) being the commonest and most extensively evaluated functional bowel disorder. It is therefore paramount that effective therapies are available to treat this common condition. Diet appears to play a pivotal role in symptom generation in IBS, with a recent interest in the role of dietary therapies in IBS. Over the last decade, there has been a substantial increase in awareness of the gluten-free diet (GFD), with a recent focus of the role of a GFD in IBS. There appears to be emerging evidence for the use of a GFD in IBS, with studies demonstrating the induction of symptoms following gluten in patients with IBS. However, there are questions with regards to which components of wheat lead to symptom generation, as well as the effect of a GFD on nutritional status, gut microbiota and long-term outcomes. Further studies are required, although the design of dietary studies remain challenging. The implementation of a GFD should be performed by a dietitian with a specialist interest in IBS, which could be achieved via the delivery of group sessions.
Highlights
Functional disorders are common, with the Rome IV guidelines classifying these disorders into oesophageal, gastroduodenal, bowel, centrally mediated, anorectal, gallbladder, and sphincter ofOddi disorders [1]
There is currently little data known on the long-term risks of a wheat free diet in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), with studies required to assess this
This has led to the term of non-coeliac gluten sensitivity (NCGS), being described as early as the 1980s [19]
Summary
Functional disorders are common, with the Rome IV guidelines classifying these disorders into oesophageal, gastroduodenal, bowel, centrally mediated, anorectal, gallbladder, and sphincter of. The impact of IBS can lead to a significant impact on sufferers, with a reduced quality of life, increased time off work and greater utilisation of healthcare [5]. It is associated with several other conditions such as depression, fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue disorder, and temporomandibular joint disorder [6]. Whilst GFDs are known as the mainstay of treatment for people with an established diagnosis of coeliac disease [13], we will explore the emerging evidence for this dietary therapy in individuals with IBS
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