Global trends in the burden of non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: a comprehensive analysis from 1990 to 2045.

e23509 Background: Sarcoma is one of the rare malignancies arising from bone or soft tissues, shares a incidence of 1% of all cancers across the world. This study analyzes data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 to examine trends and provide a detailed outlook on its global trajectory. Methods: Data was extracted from the GBD 2021 database, focusing on age-standardized death rates (ASDR), Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) and incidence of sarcoma. Analytics conducted using join point regression to determine average annual percentage changes (AAPC). Results: Globally, ASDR for soft tissue and extraosseous sarcomas have continuously declined from 1980-2021. In 1980, the ASDR was 0.77(95% UI: 0.65-0.91) and it declined to 0.60 (AAPC: -0.602; 95% UI: -0.67, -0.53, P<0.001) in 2021. Globally, DALYs rate was 27.4(95% UI: 22.61-33.29) per 100,000 people in 1990 and it decreased to 20.54 (AAPC: -0.0936; 95% CI: -1.02, -0.085, P<0.001) in 2021. The Incidence rate was 27.4(95% UI: 22.61-33.29) in 1990 that decreased to 20.54 (AAPC: -0.131; 95% CI: -0.25 to -0.003, P=0.04) in 2021. Globally, DALYs rate was 27.4(95% UI: 22.61,33.29) per 100,000 people in 1990 and it decreased to 20.54 (AAPC: -.0936; 95% CI: -1.02-to -0.085, P<0.001) in 2021. In geographical analysis, America, Africa and Asia had uniformly declining ASDRs while Europe had a steady rise in ASDR. From 1980 to 2021, America had decreasing death rates with an AAPC of -0.243 (95% CI: -0.48, -0.0050; P=0.04) and nonsignificant decreasing incidence rates with an AAPC of -0.022(95% CI: -0.21, 0.16). Africa and Asia also had declining death rates with AAPC of -0.734 (95% CI: -0.81, -0.65; P<0.001) and AAPC of -1.13 (95%CI: -1.21, -1.06; P<0.01) respectively. Conversely Europe had an increasing trend both in death and incidence rate, with death rate AAPC of 0.33 (95%CI: 0.12,0.55; P<0.001). Per World Bank income levels, high-income countries saw a slight increase in death rates, while others declined. Conclusions: The results show a steady decline in ASDR, DALY and incidence rates from 1980 to 2021. However, regional disparities show declining ASDR in America, Asia, and Africa, while Europe saw a steady rise. Similarly, death rates slightly increased in high-income countries, while lower-income groups saw declines. Sarcoma death rates compared between 1980 and 2021. Location Year Rate Upper Lower Global 1980 0.77 0.90 0.65 2021 0.60 0.73 0.51 America 1980 0.96 1.00 0.93 2021 0.87 0.91 0.81 Europe 1980 0.70 0.74 0.67 2021 0.80 0.85 0.74 Asia 1980 0.67 0.83 0.46 2021 0.42 0.57 0.32 Africa 1980 1.12 1.64 0.89 2021 0.83 1.24 0.64

Global Disease Burden From Acute Glomerulonephritis 1990–2019

BackgroundThe global burden of stroke among women of reproductive age is of significant concern. We aimed to leverage the Global Burden of Disease 2021 (GBD 2021) to estimate the prevalence, Years Lived with Disability (YLDs), and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) rates for pathological types of strokes in women of reproductive age, as well as to examine their association with the sociodemographic index (SDI).MethodsWe utilized stroke data for women of reproductive age from 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021. The Annual Percentage Change (APC) was calculated, and the Average Annual Percentage Change (AAPC) was estimated to analyze trends in the burden of stroke. APC was used to measure the change in indicators over specific time intervals, assisting in describing the annual average rate of change in disease trends or other health metrics, and thereby providing insights into the direction and magnitude of disease burden changes. AAPC, typically derived as the weighted average of APC over a period, was used to assess long-term trends in time-series data, reflecting the overall trend while mitigating the influence of short-term fluctuations. This approach provides a solid basis for disease burden research and public health policy making. Additionally, the study explored the impact of risk factors for different pathological types on DALYs rates across various age groups and the 27 GBD super-regions. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. The analyses were conducted using the Joinpoint Trend Analysis Software and R 4.4.2.ResultsThe overall burden of stroke in women of reproductive age worldwide shows a downward trend, with the prevalence rate of AAPC at -0.22, YLDs rate of AAPC at -0.33, and DALYs rate of AAPC at -1.27. However, the prevalence of ischemic stroke showed an upward trend, with an AAPC of 0.08. In 2021, the Nauru region bore the highest burden of stroke in women of reproductive age, with prevalence, YLDs, and DALYs rates reaching 1,223.56 (95% UI: 1,180.50 to 1,271.92), 241.44 (95% UI: 173.40 to 311.30), and 2,646.68 (95% UI: 1,977.34 to 3,663.05), respectively. Our analysis revealed that the indicators for ischemic stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) generally declined over time and with increasing SDI values, whereas the burden of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) initially increased before decreasing. When analyzing different age groups, we found that the burden of stroke in women of reproductive age increases with age. Between 1990 and 2021, the stroke burden decreased across all age groups within the reproductive years. The 15–19 age group exhibited the most significant decrease in prevalence rate, with an AAPC of -0.59; the 20–24 age group showed the most notable decline in YLDs rate, with an AAPC of -0.87; and the 35–39 age group experienced the largest reduction in DALYs rate, with an AAPC of -1.82. We identified 23 risk factors associated with stroke-related DALYs in reproductive-aged women. Compared with 1990, the strength of the associations between metabolic risk factors and stroke-related disability-adjusted life years was greater in 2021, with "High systolic blood pressure" and "High LDL cholesterol" demonstrating the most pronounced links. Moreover, trend analyses from 1990 to 2021 indicated that the associations of "Diet high in sugar-sweetened beverages" (AAPC = 2.33), "High body-mass index" (AAPC = 1.81), "High temperature" (AAPC = 0.77), and "High fasting plasma glucose" (AAPC = 0.51) with stroke-related DALY rates increased significantly over time. "Ambient particulate matter pollution" did not exhibit a statistically significant association, and the remaining seventeen risk factors showed declining trends in their associations.ConclusionsWhile the global burden of stroke in women of reproductive age has decreased, significant burdens remain in certain regions and age groups compounded by multiple risk factors. Understanding these trends will help to guide future policy recommendations aimed at alleviating the associated burden.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-025-23869-9.

Objective: To assess the disease burden of lung cancer associated with occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in China from 1990 to 2021 using the 2021 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) data. Methods: In July 2024, data on occupational PAHs exposure-associated lung cancer from 1990 to 2021 were extracted from the GBD database, including mortality rates, age-standardized mortality rates, number of deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rates, age-standardized DALYs rates, and number of DALYs for different genders and ages. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze trends in lung cancer mortality rates, age-standardized mortality rates, DALYs rates, and age-standardized DALYs rates over different years, genders, and ages. Joinpoint regression models were used to calculate the annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC), and to identify change points and trends in different periods within the data. Results: From 1990 to 2021, the mortality rate of lung cancer associated with occupational PAHs exposure increased from 0.085 per 100000 to 0.259 per 100000, and the age-standardized mortality rate increased from 0.107 per 100000 to 0.162 per 100000. The DALYs rate increased from 2.746 per 100000 to 7.389 per 100000, and the age-standardized DALYs rate increased from 3.330 per 100000 to 4.679 per 100000. The number of lung cancer deaths and DALYs both peaked in the 65-69 age group. Joinpoint regression analysis showed significant upward trends in mortality, age-standardized mortality, DALYs rate, and age-standardized DALYs rate from 1990 to 2021, with AAPCs of 3.655%, 1.382%, 3.256%, and 1.108%, respectively (all P<0.001). From 2016 to 2021, both the mortality rate and age-standardized mortality rate increased, with APCs of 4.163% and 1.735%, respectively. From 2015 to 2021, the DALYs rate increased (APC: 3.137%), and from 2016 to 2021, the age-standardized DALYs rate also rose (APC: 1.578%). For females, both mortality and DALYs rates increased from 2015 to 2021 (APCs: 6.269% and 5.426%, respectively). Among males, the mortality rate increased from 2018 to 2021 (APC: 3.477%) . Conclusion: From 1990 to 2021, the disease burden of lung cancer related to occupational PAHs exposure in China has significantly increased, particularly among the elderly population. Public health policies should enhance screening and prevention efforts targeting the high-risk populations.

BackgroundIn recent decades, there has been a global increase in the burden of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) among adolescents and young adults (AYAs), making it a significant public health issue. However, our understanding of the disease burden, harm, and influencing factors of RA in this population remains insufficient. This study aimed to assess the trends in RA burden among AYAs aged 10–24 years from 1990 to 2019 at the global, regional, and national levels.MethodsIncidence, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rate per 100,000 population, as well as average annual percentage changes (AAPCs), of RA among individuals aged 10–24 years were reported globally, regionally, and nationally based on the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 (GBD 2019). These global trends were further analyzed by age, sex, and Sociodemographic index (SDI). Joinpoint regression analysis was used to determine the year in which the most significant changes in global trends occurred.ResultsGlobally, the incidence of RA among AYAs increased from 4.98 per 100,000 population in 1990 to 5.41 per 100,000 population in 2019, with an AAPCs of 0.29 (95%CI: 0.26, 0.32, p < 0.001). The most significant increase occurred in 2000, while the most significant decrease occurred in 2014. The prevalence increased from 34.11 per 100,000 population in 1990 to 36.34 per 100,000 population in 2019, with an AAPCs of 0.22 (95%CI: 0.19, 0.24, p<0.001); The most significant increase was observed in 2000, and the most significant decrease occurred in 2014. DALYs rate with RA were 5.96 per 100,000 population in 1990 and 5.79 per 100,000 population in 2019 for AYAs, with an average decrease of 0.1 years per year (AAPCs = -0.1, 95%CI: -0.2, -0.01, p = 0.04). In terms of gender, the incidence, prevalence, and DALYs rate were higher for females compared to males during the same period. Regarding age, the incidence, prevalence, and DALYs rate increased with increasing age. Based on the SDI quintile, the incidence, prevalence, and DALYs rate of RA were highest in countries with high SDI and lowest in countries with low SDI from 1990 to 2019. However, the relationship between incidence and SDI is non-linear. In terms of regions, Tropical Latin America exhibited the highest incidence, prevalence, and DALYs rate, while Andean Latin America experienced the most rapid increase in incidence and prevalence. Southern Latin America saw the fastest growth in DALYs rate, whereas Southern Sub-Saharan Africa witnessed the most significant decline.ConclusionIn conclusion, the study revealed an overall increase in the incidence and prevalence of RA among adolescents and young adults (AYAs) over the past three decades, while DALYs rate remained relatively stable. Furthermore, the incidence, prevalence, and DALYs rate of RA were found to increase with age. Fortunately, recent proactive preventive measures and treatment methods have shown promising results. Moving forward, it is crucial to prioritize the female population and AYAs patients in order to further alleviate the global burden of RA.

e16423 Background: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most aggressive malignancies, disproportionately affecting older adults. Leveraging data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD), this study investigates gender-specific trends in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and mortality rates for PC among adults aged 70 and older from 1990 to 2021. Methods: DALYs and mortality rates associated with PC were extracted for both genders from the GBD-2021 study from 1990 to 2021. The Annual Percentage Change (APC) and the Average Annual Percentage Change (AAPC) were calculated, along with 95% confidence intervals (CI), to assess the statistical significance of the trends using the p-value. Results: In 1990, DALY rates were 837.25 for men and 711.95 for women, increasing to 950.68 and 768.31, respectively, by 2021. Mortality rates followed a similar pattern: men’s rates rose from 52.05 in 1990 to 61.37 in 2021, while women’s increased from 47.31 to 53.40. Men consistently experienced higher burdens than women. The AAPC analysis revealed that men exhibited a steeper rise in both DALYs and mortality rates associated with PC compared to women over the past three decades. Notably, the gender disparity was more evident in DALYs (+0.1929%) than in mortality rates (+0.1358%), with all AAPC values demonstrating statistical significance (p &lt; 0.000001). Following the APC analysis, additional significant trends were identified. Among males, DALY rates demonstrated the most pronounced increase between 1997 and 2021 (APC: 0.5397, 95% CI: 0.5118, 0.5645), whereas in females, the most significant rise occurred from 1990 to 1993 (APC: 0.6593, 95% CI: 0.3608, 1.1016). Conversely, the slowest increase in DALY rates among females was observed between 1993 and 2003 (APC: 0.0925, 95% CI: -0.2053, 0.1641). For mortality rates, the most notable rise in males was observed between 2007 and 2010 (APC: 1.2314, 95% CI: 1.0292, 1.3195), while females experienced their sharpest escalation from 1990 to 1994 (APC: 0.6891, 95% CI: 0.4322, 1.0720). In contrast, the slowest rate of progression in mortality among females occurred between 1993 and 2002 (APC: 0.1736, 95% CI: 0.0180, 0.2368). Conclusions: Over the past three decades, men have experienced a significantly more pronounced rise in DALYs and mortality rates related to PC compared to women.These findings highlight the urgent need for gender-specific interventions to address the growing burden of PC in aging populations. Trends in DALY and mortality rates per 100,000 by gender (1990-2021). Metrics Gender 1990 2021 APC (1990-2021) Daly Rates per 100,000 Male 837.25 950.68 0.4422 Female 711.9 768.31 0.2493 Mortality Rates per 100,000 Male 52.05 61.37 0.5366 Female 47.31 53.40 0.4008

e18138 Background: Lip, oral, and pharyngeal cancers (LOPC) are significant contributors to the global cancer burden, with notable disparities across regions. Despite advancements in prevention and treatment, global trends indicate a slight overall increase in age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR). In order to address the increasing incidence of these malignancies in susceptible areas and close the healthcare gap causing these disparities, our study highlights the critical need for targeted, region-specific strategies. Methods: The GBD 2021 study's data was analyzed for 204 countries and territories. Age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs), years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs) and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were the metrics used. Average annual percent changes (AAPC) values were calculated using linear regression to assess temporal trends. Results: With a global annual percentage change (AAPC) of 0.42(95%CI: 1.25 to -0.42), the global age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) for lip, oral, and pharyngeal malignancies shows a small increase overall. Cabo Verde (AAPC 8.52), Northern Mariana Islands (AAPC 4.37), and American Samoa (AAPC = 4.15) are the countries with the steepest increase. Nonetheless, Ghana (AAPC = -4.08), Afghanistan (AAPC = -2.84), and France (AAPC = -1.76) are among the countries with a declining pattern. With an AAPC of 0.16 and 0.14, the global DALY and YLL rates showed an increasing trend. The countries with the largest rises were Cabo Verde (DALY: 8.814, YLL: 8.805), American Samoa (DALY: 3.863, YLL: 3.860), while Ghana (DALY-4.263, YLL: -4.268), Afghanistan (DALY: -2.354, YLL: -2.3543) and France (DALY -2.284, YLL: -2.284) recorded the greatest decline. With an AAPC of 1.43, the global YLDs showed an increasing trend; the countries with the greatest increases were Cabo Verde (9.39), the Republic of Korea (4.91), Romania (4.16), and Albania (4.11), while Ghana (AAPC -3.84) and Afghanistan(AAPC -2.36) demonstrated improvement. Conclusions: Despite a minor increase in the worldwide burden of LOPC, regional differences highlight the necessity of focused treatments in high-burden nations. Regional discrepancies are particularly noticeable in African countries; for example, ASMR rates in Ghana and Cabo Verde vary significantly, presumably due to disparities in healthcare access and resource allocation. To lessen the increasing burden in areas that are already at risk, comprehensive policies that address modifiable risk factors, early diagnosis, and equitable access to healthcare are essential. ASMRs, DALYs, YLLs and YLDs for global burden of lip, oral, and pharyngeal cancers (LOPC) between 1990 and 2021. Outcome Global AAPC(95% CI) P-value ASMRs 0.42(1.25to -0.40) 0.31 YLLs 0.14(0.88 to -0.59) 0.70 DALYs 0.16(0.91 to -0.57) 0.65 YLDs 1.43(2.59 to 0.29) 0.015

Pancreatitis poses a growing public health concern among children and adolescents, yet comprehensive data on its prevalence, incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) remain scarce. This study aims to analyze global, regional, and national trends in pancreatitis burden over the past 3decades. Using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 database spanning 1990-2019, we assessed pancreatitis prevalence, incidence, mortality, and DALYs, reporting on numbers, rates, age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR), age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), age-standardized DALYs rate (ASDR), and average annual percentage changes (AAPCs). Trends were analyzed by age, sex, region, and socio-demographic index (SDI) using jointpoint analysis and predictive modeling. Globally, pancreatitis prevalence and incidence rates have increased (AAPC prevalence=0.13, 95% CI: 0.11-0.16; AAPC incidence=0.30, 95% CI: 0.28-0.32), while mortality and DALYs rates have decreased (AAPC mortality=-1.30, 95% CI: -1.53, -1.07; AAPC DALYs=-1.21, 95% CI: -1.41, -1.01). Both genders showed similar trends. Children under 5 and adolescents 15-19 had higher mortality and DALYs rates. Low SDI regions experienced the greatest increase in ASIR. Eastern Europe exhibited high and rising ASIR, ASMR, and ASDR. Projections indicate continued rise in prevalence with declining mortality and DALYs. Pancreatitis burden in children and adolescents has surged globally, especially in lower SDI regions. These findings underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions and healthcare resources in affected areas.

Objectives: To calculate the age-standardized incidence rate, disability-adjusted life years (DALY) rate, and mortality rate of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among individuals aged ≥60 years globally from 1990 to 2019, and analyze their trends. To assess the impact of population growth, changes in age structure, and epidemiological changes on global changes in COPD incidence, DALYs, and deaths among individuals aged ≥60 years. Methods: The data were derived from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease study. The Joinpoint regression model was used to calculate the average annual percentage change (AAPC) and its 95% uncertainty interval (UI). Through decomposition analysis, the changes in the number of COPD cases, DALYs, and deaths among individuals aged ≥60 years globally were attributed to three main factors: population growth, changes in age structure, and epidemiological changes. The contributions of these different factors were analyzed to identify the important factor driving the changes. Results: From 1990 to 2019, the age-standardized incidence rate, DALY rate, and mortality rate of COPD in the global population aged ≥60 years all showed a decreasing trend, with AAPCs of -0.12% (95%UI: -0.13%--0.11%), -1.69% (95%UI: -1.80%--1.58%), and -1.77% (95%UI: -1.89%--1.64%), respectively. The overall contributions of population growth, changes in age structure, and epidemiological changes to the changes in the number of COPD cases, DALYs, and deaths in the global population aged ≥60 years were 5.631 million (112.55%), 14.315 million person-years (33.08%), and 799 400 (35.76%), respectively. Specifically, the contributions of population growth were 5.643 million (112.80%), 39.774 million person-years (91.92%), and 2.078 million (92.93%) for incidence, DALYs, and deaths, respectively. The contributions of changes in age structure were 3.228 million (6.45%), 2.231 million person-years (5.15%), and 265 600 (11.88%) for incidence, DALYs, and deaths, respectively. The contributions of epidemiological changes were -335 200 (-6.70%), -27.690 million person-years (-64.00%), and -1.544 million (-69.05%) for incidence, DALYs and deaths, respectively. Conclusions: Globally, from 1990 to 2019, the age-standardized incidence, DALY rate, and mortality of COPD in individuals aged ≥60 years showed a general downward trend while the combined factors, including contribution of population growth, age structure, and epidemiological features, showed positive impacts on the changes in the number of COPD cases, DALYs, and deaths among individuals aged ≥60 years. The largest impact was on the number of cases. Specifically, population growth had the highest contribution ratio to the changes in COPD incidence, DALYs, and deaths among individuals aged ≥60 years, while epidemiological changes had a negative contribution.

BackgroundHIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among women of childbearing age need in-depth research because of the physiological characteristics and their disadvantages in obtaining equal health rights. We intend to present the burden of disease worldwide from 1990 to 2021 using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study and forecast the DALYs from 2022 to 2030.MethodsUsing the 2021 GBD study, we researched the average annual percentage change (AAPC) of HIV and other STIs in incidence, prevalence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rates for women of childbearing age aged 15 to 49 years across different age groups, sociodemographic index (SDI) regions, and nations. We used statistical Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models to forecast.ResultsIn 2021, there were 670,804 new AIDS cases in women of childbearing age globally, with a decrease in age-standardized incidence rate (AAPC −1.94, −2.21 to −1.67) and an increase in age-standardized DALYs rate (AAPC 1.67, 1.20 to 2.14) from 1990 to 2021. There were 286,514,651 new other STIst cases with an increase in age-standardized incidence rate (AAPC 0.12, 0.09 to 0.14) and a decrease in age-standardized DALYs rate (AAPC −0.15, −0.18 to −0.11). The largest increase in age-standardized incidence rate of HIV occurred in Oceania from 1990 to 2021. The SDI trends were the opposite of age-standardized incidence rate and age-standardized DALYs rate for HIV and other STIs among women of childbearingage. The STI and HIV epidemics are interdependent. Women aged 30–34 years were the group with the highest incidence and DALY rates. Trichomoniasis and chlamydia account for the majority of cases of other STIs. The DALYs rate of HIV showed a downward trend, and the DALYs rate of other STIs showed an upward trend from 2022 to 2030.ConclusionOur study investigated the status of HIV and other STIs in women of childbearing age. The DALYs rate of HIV increased. The incidence rate of other STIs raised and the number of cases was so high that the harm could not be ignored. All sectors of the global community should pay attention to the prevention and control of STIs among women of childbearing age.

Objective: To analyze the current status and trend of the mortality burden of cardiovascular disease in China from 2010 to 2021. Methods: Data related to cardiovascular disease mortality and disability-adjusted life year (DALY) were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD2021) database. The age-standardized mortality rate and DALY rate were calculated, using the 2021 world standard population estimated by GBD2021. Joinpoint 5.2.0 software was used to calculate the mortality rate, standardized mortality rate, DALY rate, standardized DALY rate, annual percent change (APC), average annual percent change (AAPC), and 95%CI of cardiovascular disease in China from 2010 to 2021. Results: The mortality rate of cardiovascular disease was 357.44/100 000, and the age-standardized mortality rate was 280.11/100 000 in China in 2021. The DALY rate was 7 043.33/100 000, and the age-standardized DALY rate was 5 120.06/100 000. From 2010 to 2021, the mortality rate and DALY rate of cardiovascular disease in China showed an upward trend (AAPC was 1.58% and 0.83%, respectively, both P<0.05), and the standardized mortality rate and standardized DALY rate showed a downward trend (AAPC was -2.13% and -2.02%, respectively, both P<0.05). The mortality burden of cardiovascular disease was higher in males (mortality rate 392.80/100 000, DALY rate 8 156.19/100 000) than in females (mortality rate 320.38/100 000, DALY rate 5 876.87/100 000). With the increase older in age, the mortality burden of cardiovascular disease in China decreased first and then increased. China ranked high in the mortality burden of cardiovascular disease among G20 member countries. Conclusions: The death burden of cardiovascular disease is serious in China. The mortality rate and DALY rate of cardiovascular disease in China showed an increasing trend from 2010 to 2021, and the standardized mortality rate and standardized DALY rate of cardiovascular disease ranked high in G20 member countries. The death burden of cardiovascular disease was more serious in men and the elderly. It is necessary to develop more comprehensive prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation measures for men and the elderly to reduce mortality and disability rates, decrease the disease burden, and improve the quality of life.

Objective: To assess the trends in the burden of periodontal disease among individuals aged 60 years and above in China from 1990 to 2021, thereby providing a scientific foundation for the development of targeted prevention and control strategies for periodontal disease in the elderly. Methods: Utilizing data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021), key indicators including incidence, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) rates were analyzed. Age-standardized rates were determined using the global standard population. Trends in the disease burden of periodontal disease among the elderly population in China from 1990 to 2021 were analyzed using Joinpoint regression analysis, and an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model was applied to forecast the disease burden from 2022 to 2036. Results: The annual average percentage changes (AAPC) in the number of incident cases, prevalent cases, and DALYs due to periodontal disease among individuals aged 60 years and above in China from 1990 to 2021 were 3.215% (95%CI: 3.149%-3.281%, P<0.05), 3.161% (95%CI:3.037%-3.286%, P<0.05), and 3.091%(95%CI: 2.887%-3.296%, P<0.05), respectively. The results indicated that the average annual change trends of the number of incident cases, number of prevalent cases, and number of DALYs were real upward trends. Compared with other age groups, the number of incident cases, prevalent cases, and DALYs were the highest among the population aged 60-69 years. The AAPC for age-standardized incidence rate, prevalence, and DALY rates were -0.012% (95%CI:-0.031%-0.008%, P>0.05), 0.023% (95%CI:-0.070%-0.116%, P>0.05), and 0.013% (95%CI:-0.089%-0.115%, P>0.05), respectively. This indicated that the average annual change trends of the age-standardized incidence rate, age-standardized prevalence rate, and age-standardized DALY rate might be caused by random fluctuations. Males exhibited higher prevalence and DALY rates than females across all age groups (P<0.05), whereas the incidence rates showed minimal differences between males and females across all age groups. The ARIMA forecast model indicated that the age-standardized incidence rate among males in the elderly population in China was relatively stable, while that among females showed a downward trend; the age-standardized prevalence and DALY rates followed a pattern of "decline-rise-decline". Conclusions: The disease burden of periodontal disease among Chinese adults aged 60 and above showed an overall upward trend from 1990 to 2021, with males and individuals aged 60-69 identified as high-risk groups. With the exacerbation of aging, the prevention and control situation remains severe, necessitating the implementation of gender-differentiated interventions to reduce the disease burden.

BackgroundHigh levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) can lead to the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis, which is one of the important risk factors for ischemic stroke (IS). However, details regarding the evolution of the IS burden attributable to high LDL-C in China has not been available. The objective of this study was to examine the changes over time, from 1990 to 2019, in the burden of IS attributed to high levels of LDL-C in China and to estimate the individual impacts of age, period, and cohort on the burden of IS associated with high LDL-C.MethodsDetailed data on IS burden attributable to high LDL-C from 1990 to 2019 in China were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019. The numbers and age-standardized rates of IS-related mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) attributable to high LDL-C were assessed by age and sex. The annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percentage change (AAPC) in the burden of IS due to high LDL-C were analyzed using Joinpoint regression model. The age-period-cohort analysis was carried out to assess the individual impacts of age, period, and cohort on the trends over time of mortality and DALY rate.ResultsThe number of IS-related deaths and DALYs due to high LDL-C in China were 182.7 thousand and 4.43 million in 2019, respectively, both more than double the corresponding numbers reported in 1990. However, despite these increased, the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and age-standardized DALY rate (ASDR) remained unchanged. In 2019, men under 84 years of age had higher death and under 79 years of age had higher DALYs than women. However, above these ages, the gender disparities were reversed. Furthermore, age-specific rates of death, as well as DALY of IS attributable to high LDL-C in 2019 increased with age for both women and men, except for death in adults over 95 years old; and were greater in men than in women. From 1990 to 2019, males consistently had a higher ASMR and ASDR than females in China. During 1990–2019, the ASMR in women slightly decreased before 1997, sharply increased from 1997 to 2004, and then continuously decreased from 2004 to 2019, with an overall AAPC value of -0.4% (95% CI -0.8%, -0.0%). However, for the ASMR of men in China, the overall trend is upward and the AAPC is 0.5%(95% CI 0.1%, 0.8%). The ASDR in women and men had the similar trend as the ASMR over the time, with an AAPC of -0.4% (95% CI -0.7%, -0.1%) and 0.3% (95% CI 0.1%, 0.5%), respectively. The age-period-cohort analysis indicated a rise in period effects and a decline in cohort effects on mortality and DALY rate associated with IS caused by high LDL-C in both genders. Age effect on mortality rates from IS due to high LDL-C showed an exponential increased with age in all women and men except for the 60–69 age group and over 95 age group. The age relative risk of IS DALY rate due to high LDL-C increased with age in both genders except for 65–74 age group and over 95 age group.ConclusionsFrom 1990 to 2019, the burden of IS caused by high LDL-C in China significantly increased among both sexes combined and among men, while significantly decreased among women. Elderly have a substantial burden of IS attributable to high LDL-C. Therefore, effective and tailored strategies based on gender and age for IS primary prevention and management of IS and high LDL-C are urgently needed in China.

Disclosure: M. Munir: None. G. Flocco: None. H. Ahmad: None. A. Zahid: None. J. Ikram: None. F. Ahmed: None. M. kakakhel: None. M. Ali: None. A. Cheema: None.Chronic kidney disease (CKD) due to type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) poses a significant global health challenge, particularly in older adults. Despite its rising burden, comprehensive assessments of gender-specific trends in mortality and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) remain scarce, underscoring the need for targeted analysis. We utilized data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study to investigate gender-specific trends in DALYs and mortality rates linked to CKD due to T1DM in adults aged 55 and older from 1990 to 2021. Trends were evaluated using the Annual Percentage Change (APC) and Average Annual Percentage Change (AAPC), both presented with 95% confidence intervals (CI), and statistical significance was assessed through p-values. CKD due to T1DM has imposed a substantial burden of morbidity and mortality over the past three decades. In 1990, the DALYs rates were 90.45 per 100,000 men and 64.71 per 100,000 women. By 2021, these rates increased to 103.31 per 100,000 in men and 71.13 per 100,000 in women. Similarly, mortality due to CKD caused by T1DM has risen significantly. In 1990, CKD due to T1DM caused 9,205 deaths in men compared to 7,744 deaths in women. By 2021, this burden escalated, with 24,023 deaths reported in men and 18,851 in women. The AAPC analysis demonstrated that the burden of CKD due to T1DM consistently remained higher in men compared to women from 1990 to 2021. Among men, DALYs increased significantly (AAPC: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.42-0.48; p < 0.000001), alongside a notable rise in mortality rates (AAPC: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.49-0.54; p < 0.000001). Similarly, in women, DALY rates also showed a significant upward trend (AAPC: 0.31; 95% CI: 0.29-0.33; p < 0.000001), accompanied by an increase in mortality rates (AAPC: 0.35; 95% CI: 0.32-0.37; p < 0.000001). The APC analysis revealed additional significant trends. Among men, DALY rates exhibited the most substantial increase between 1996 and 2003 (APC: 1.07; 95% CI: 0.95-1.34), a trend mirrored in women during the same period (APC: 1.09; 95% CI: 0.97-1.23). Interestingly, the highest increases in mortality rates were also observed between 1996 and 2003 for both men (APC: 1.08; 95% CI: 0.94-1.31) and women (APC: 1.08; 95% CI: 0.93-1.29). These findings underscore a period of heightened disease burden for both genders during this timeframe. CKD due to T1DM has led to a consistently rising burden of DALYs and mortality over the past three decades, with men experiencing a higher burden than women. These findings emphasize the urgent need for gender-specific strategies to address this growing public health challenge.Presentation: Saturday, July 12, 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesThis study aimed to analyse the burden of myocarditis in the Western Pacific Region (WPR).Design and settingData from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021, covering 31 countries in the WPR, were analysed.ParticipantsPatients diagnosed with myocarditis.Outcome measuresNumbers and age-standardised rates (ASRs) of incidence, prevalence, mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), along with their average annual percentage changes (AAPCs), were included. The contributions of population growth, ageing and epidemiological changes to ASR changes were assessed. Additionally, the ASRs of four indicators are projected until 2035.ResultsIn 2021, GBD estimates for myocarditis were 375 241.19 incident cases, 15 307.52 deaths and 379 674.28 DALYs in the WPR. From 1990 to 2021, the incidence, prevalence and mortality increased by 53.58%, 67.88% and 67.16%, respectively, whereas DALYs decreased by 24.77%. ASRs declined across all metrics: incidence (17.68 to 16.70 per 100,000; AAPC = −0.18, 95% CI −0.19 to −0.18), mortality (0.82 to 0.64 per 100,000; AAPC = −0.78, 95% CI −0.83 to −0.72) and DALYs (35.69 to 19.36 per 100,000; AAPC = −1.97, 95% CI −2.02 to −1.89). Papua New Guinea exhibited the highest increases in incidence, prevalence, deaths and DALYs. Japan, Singapore, China and Kiribati had the highest age-standardised incidence rate (ASIR), prevalence rate (ASPR), mortality rate (ASMR) and DALY rate (ASDR), respectively. Individuals aged ≥65 years and infants had significantly higher ASIR, ASMR and ASDR. Males consistently demonstrated higher myocarditis ASRs than females in the WPR from 1990 to 2021. Ageing was identified as the primary driver of increased incidence and mortality. Projections indicate that the ASIR of myocarditis will remain stable through 2035.ConclusionThe burden of myocarditis in the WPR exhibits substantial cross-country variation, with males, infants and the elderly disproportionately affected, underscoring the urgent need for context-specific management strategies tailored to high-risk populations and regional epidemiological profiles.