Abstract
The majority of the members in order Rhodothermales are underexplored prokaryotic extremophiles. Roseithermus, a new genus within Rhodothermales, was first described in 2019. Roseithermus sacchariphilus is the only species in this genus. The current report aims to evaluate the transcriptomic responses of R. sacchariphilus strain RA when cultivated on beechwood xylan. Strain RA doubled its growth in Marine Broth (MB) containing xylan compared to Marine Broth (MB) alone. Strain RA harbors 54 potential glycosyl hydrolases (GHs) that are affiliated with 30 families, including cellulases (families GH 3, 5, 9, and 44) and hemicellulases (GH 2, 10, 16, 29, 31,43, 51, 53, 67, 78, 92, 106, 113, 130, and 154). The majority of these GHs were upregulated when the cells were grown in MB containing xylan medium and enzymatic activities for xylanase, endoglucanase, β-xylosidase, and β-glucosidase were elevated. Interestingly, with the introduction of xylan, five out of six cellulolytic genes were upregulated. Furthermore, approximately 1122 genes equivalent to one-third of the total genes for strain RA were upregulated. These upregulated genes were mostly involved in transportation, chemotaxis, and membrane components synthesis.
Highlights
Lignocellulosic biomass consists of lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose
The harvested cells were resuspended in 1× DNA/RNA shield solution, and the mixtures were transferred to ZR BashingBeadTM Lysis Tubes consisted of a combination of 0.1 mm and 0.5 mm beads (Zymo Research, Irvine, CA, USA)
Strain RA harbors more than 50 glycosyl hydrolases (GHs) genes
Summary
Lignocellulosic biomass consists of lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose. In nature, microbial consortia rather than a single taxon biodegrade plant biomass [1]. Cellulases are a group of proteins comprising endoglucanases, exoglucanases, and β-glucosidases [9] These enzymes act synergistically to achieve the complete degradation of cellulose. Rhodothermus is well understood from the aspects of phenotypic, chemotypic, genomic and extrachromosomal elements, pathway and gene manipulations, environmental adaptation, as well as the discovery of industrial enzymes [23,24,25,26,27] Bacteria strains such as Rhodothermus marinus (DSM 4252) and R. marinus SG0.5JP17-172 are excellent plant biomass degraders [28,29]. We anticipated that the cultivation conditions would influence the expression levels of these proteins This is the first report describing the global cell responses and expression of glycosyl hydrolase genes when the bacterium R. sacchariphilus strain RA is cultivated in a medium supplemented with xylan
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