Abstract
Infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a top health priority worldwide and a devastating cause of morbidity and mortality accounting for more than 600,000 deaths in 2013. It is mainly transmitted through percutaneous or mucosal contact with infected blood or other body fluids. In high-endemic settings, the commonest route of transmission is from infected mothers to neonates, whereas in areas of low endemicity the infection is mostly acquired during adolescence and early adulthood through high-risk behaviors. More than 350 million are chronically infected with HBV, ranging from 80 % coverage globally has resulted in a steady decline in the prevalence of HBV. However, there are remaining threats to the successful eradication of HBV worldwide. We review available data on global epidemiology of HBV infection, also focusing on transmission modes by region and specific preventative measures instituted.
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